Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study
<i>Background.</i> In vivo studies show that LL-37 inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis and predicts a lower risk of recurrent ischemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which could be mediated by the modulation of lipid metabolism. The current study aimed to inv...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1482 |
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| author | Runzhen Chen Hanjun Zhao Jinying Zhou Ying Wang Jiannan Li Xiaoxiao Zhao Nan Li Chen Liu Peng Zhou Yi Chen Li Song Hongbing Yan |
| author_facet | Runzhen Chen Hanjun Zhao Jinying Zhou Ying Wang Jiannan Li Xiaoxiao Zhao Nan Li Chen Liu Peng Zhou Yi Chen Li Song Hongbing Yan |
| author_sort | Runzhen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background.</i> In vivo studies show that LL-37 inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis and predicts a lower risk of recurrent ischemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which could be mediated by the modulation of lipid metabolism. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of various lipid contents on the prognostic impacts of LL-37 in patients with AMI. <i>Methods.</i> A total of 1567 consecutive AMI patients were prospectively recruited from March 2017 to January 2020. Patients were firstly stratified into two groups by the median level of LL-37 and then stratified by levels of various lipid contents and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Cox regression with multiple adjustments was performed to analyze associations between LL-37, lipid profiles, PCSK9, and various outcomes. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), a composite of all-cause death, recurrent MI, and ischemic stroke. <i>Results.</i> During a median follow-up of 786 (726–1107) days, a total of 252 MACEs occurred. A high level of LL-37 was associated with lower risk of MACE in patients with elevated lipoprotein(a) (≥300 mg/L, hazard ratio (HR): 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–0.86, <i>p</i> = 0.012) or PCSK9 levels above the median (≥47.4 ng/mL, HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39–0.82, <i>p</i> < 0.001), which was not observed for those without elevated lp(a) (<300 mg/L, HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.70–1.31, <i>p</i> = 0.781, <i>p</i><sub>interaction</sub> = 0.035) or PCSK9 (<47.4 ng/mL, HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.68–1.54, <i>p</i> = 0.905, <i>p</i><sub>interaction</sub> = 0.032). <i>Conclusions.</i> For patients with AMI, a high level of LL-37 was associated with lower ischemic risk among patients with elevated lp(a) and PCSK9. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:36:52Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:36:52Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-56697054221348e68f2c4b86c395343e2023-11-23T23:09:21ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-10-011210148210.3390/biom12101482Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort StudyRunzhen Chen0Hanjun Zhao1Jinying Zhou2Ying Wang3Jiannan Li4Xiaoxiao Zhao5Nan Li6Chen Liu7Peng Zhou8Yi Chen9Li Song10Hongbing Yan11Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, ChinaFuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 510000, China<i>Background.</i> In vivo studies show that LL-37 inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis and predicts a lower risk of recurrent ischemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which could be mediated by the modulation of lipid metabolism. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of various lipid contents on the prognostic impacts of LL-37 in patients with AMI. <i>Methods.</i> A total of 1567 consecutive AMI patients were prospectively recruited from March 2017 to January 2020. Patients were firstly stratified into two groups by the median level of LL-37 and then stratified by levels of various lipid contents and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Cox regression with multiple adjustments was performed to analyze associations between LL-37, lipid profiles, PCSK9, and various outcomes. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), a composite of all-cause death, recurrent MI, and ischemic stroke. <i>Results.</i> During a median follow-up of 786 (726–1107) days, a total of 252 MACEs occurred. A high level of LL-37 was associated with lower risk of MACE in patients with elevated lipoprotein(a) (≥300 mg/L, hazard ratio (HR): 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–0.86, <i>p</i> = 0.012) or PCSK9 levels above the median (≥47.4 ng/mL, HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39–0.82, <i>p</i> < 0.001), which was not observed for those without elevated lp(a) (<300 mg/L, HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.70–1.31, <i>p</i> = 0.781, <i>p</i><sub>interaction</sub> = 0.035) or PCSK9 (<47.4 ng/mL, HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.68–1.54, <i>p</i> = 0.905, <i>p</i><sub>interaction</sub> = 0.032). <i>Conclusions.</i> For patients with AMI, a high level of LL-37 was associated with lower ischemic risk among patients with elevated lp(a) and PCSK9.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1482LL-37myocardial infarctionlipoprotein(a)proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 |
| spellingShingle | Runzhen Chen Hanjun Zhao Jinying Zhou Ying Wang Jiannan Li Xiaoxiao Zhao Nan Li Chen Liu Peng Zhou Yi Chen Li Song Hongbing Yan Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study Biomolecules LL-37 myocardial infarction lipoprotein(a) proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 |
| title | Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_full | Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_short | Prognostic Impacts of LL-37 in Relation to Lipid Profiles of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_sort | prognostic impacts of ll 37 in relation to lipid profiles of patients with myocardial infarction a prospective cohort study |
| topic | LL-37 myocardial infarction lipoprotein(a) proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1482 |
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