Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New Perspectives
Severe spinal cord injuries (SCI), causing physical handicaps and accompanied by many serious complications, remains one of the most challenging problems in both, human and veterinary health care practices. The central nervous system in mammals does not regenerate, so the neurological deficits in a...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sciendo
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Folia Veterinaria |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2018-0016 |
| _version_ | 1819121375625871360 |
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| author | Šulla I. Balik V. Horňák S. Ledecký V. |
| author_facet | Šulla I. Balik V. Horňák S. Ledecký V. |
| author_sort | Šulla I. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Severe spinal cord injuries (SCI), causing physical handicaps and accompanied by many serious complications, remains one of the most challenging problems in both, human and veterinary health care practices. The central nervous system in mammals does not regenerate, so the neurological deficits in a dog following SCI persists for the rest of its life and the affected animals display an image of permanent suffering. Diagnostics are based on: neurological examination, plain x-rays of vertebral column, x-rays of the vertebral column following intrathecal administration of a water-soluble contrast medium (myelography), x-rays of the vertebral column following epidural administration of a contrast medium (epidurography), computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Currently, only limited therapeutic measures are available for the dogs with SCIs. They include: the administration of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) during the acute stage; early spinal cord decompression; stabilisation of vertebral fractures or luxations; prevention and treatment of complications, and expert rehabilitation. Together with the progress in the understanding of pathophysiologic events occurring after SCI, different therapeutic strategies have been instituted, including the local delivery of MPSS, the utilisation of novel pharmacological agents, hypothermia, and stem/precursor cell transplantation have all been tested in the experimental models and preclinical trials with promising results. The aim of this review is the presentation of the generally accepted methods of diagnostics and management of dogs with SCIs, as well as to discuss new therapeutic modalities. The research strategy involved a PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid) and ISI Web of Science literature search from January 2001 to December 2017 using the term “spinal cord injury”, in the English language literature; also references from selected papers were scanned and relevant articles included. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:35:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-566c7b6ecbbf4f7e921825aaed13657e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2453-7837 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:35:34Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Folia Veterinaria |
| spelling | doaj.art-566c7b6ecbbf4f7e921825aaed13657e2022-12-21T18:35:36ZengSciendoFolia Veterinaria2453-78372018-06-01622455810.2478/fv-2018-0016fv-2018-0016Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New PerspectivesŠulla I.0Balik V.1Horňák S.2Ledecký V.3Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81Košice, SlovakiaInstitute of Molecular Medicine and Translational Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 772 20Olomouc, CzechiaSmall Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81Košice, SlovakiaSmall Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81Košice, SlovakiaSevere spinal cord injuries (SCI), causing physical handicaps and accompanied by many serious complications, remains one of the most challenging problems in both, human and veterinary health care practices. The central nervous system in mammals does not regenerate, so the neurological deficits in a dog following SCI persists for the rest of its life and the affected animals display an image of permanent suffering. Diagnostics are based on: neurological examination, plain x-rays of vertebral column, x-rays of the vertebral column following intrathecal administration of a water-soluble contrast medium (myelography), x-rays of the vertebral column following epidural administration of a contrast medium (epidurography), computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Currently, only limited therapeutic measures are available for the dogs with SCIs. They include: the administration of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) during the acute stage; early spinal cord decompression; stabilisation of vertebral fractures or luxations; prevention and treatment of complications, and expert rehabilitation. Together with the progress in the understanding of pathophysiologic events occurring after SCI, different therapeutic strategies have been instituted, including the local delivery of MPSS, the utilisation of novel pharmacological agents, hypothermia, and stem/precursor cell transplantation have all been tested in the experimental models and preclinical trials with promising results. The aim of this review is the presentation of the generally accepted methods of diagnostics and management of dogs with SCIs, as well as to discuss new therapeutic modalities. The research strategy involved a PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid) and ISI Web of Science literature search from January 2001 to December 2017 using the term “spinal cord injury”, in the English language literature; also references from selected papers were scanned and relevant articles included.https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2018-0016dogdiagnosticsnew perspectivesspinal traumatherapy |
| spellingShingle | Šulla I. Balik V. Horňák S. Ledecký V. Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New Perspectives Folia Veterinaria dog diagnostics new perspectives spinal trauma therapy |
| title | Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New Perspectives |
| title_full | Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New Perspectives |
| title_short | Spinal Cord Injuries in Dogs Part II: Standards of Care, Prognosis and New Perspectives |
| title_sort | spinal cord injuries in dogs part ii standards of care prognosis and new perspectives |
| topic | dog diagnostics new perspectives spinal trauma therapy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2018-0016 |
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