EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQ
Background: Candida vaginitis is a major fungal infection of the female genital tract ranging from mucosal to systemic infection. Candida species has remained a major public health issue affecting women globally. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Candida albican...
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University of Zakho
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Science Journal of University of Zakho |
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| Online Access: | https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/976 |
| _version_ | 1797834939786330112 |
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| author | Shivan Othman Haydar Ibrahim A Naqid |
| author_facet | Shivan Othman Haydar Ibrahim A Naqid |
| author_sort | Shivan Othman Haydar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background: Candida vaginitis is a major fungal infection of the female genital tract ranging from mucosal to systemic infection. Candida species has remained a major public health issue affecting women globally.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Candida albicans and its associated risk factors among married women with signs and symptoms of vaginitis referring to Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital at Zakho City, Iraq.
Methods: Vaginal samples were collected from 150 symptomatic women aged 18-48 years from October 2021-to April 2022 using two sterile cotton swabs. Wet mount was initially performed from first swab for the presence of budding yeast cells, and pseudo-hyphae of Candida infection. The second collected swabs were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 35°C for 24-48 hrs. C. albicans was then detected using morphologic characteristics of the colony. Candida colonies were finally confirmed by germ tube test.
Results: Overall, 58 (38.67%) C. albicans were diagnosed. The highest rate of infection was reported in the age group of 31-40 years (45%) and non-educated people (37%), but statistically not significant (p>0.05). C. albicans was also higher in women who used pills as a contraceptive (45.45%) than other types of contraceptives. Women who had low number of births were significantly associated with C. albicans (OR; 1.01, 95% CI; 0.94-1.26, p=028). C. albicans was also significantly associated among symptomatic patients with vaginal itching (67.19%) (OR; 9.69, 95% CI; 4.52-20.79, p=0.001) and vaginal pH level > 4.5 (OR; 0.39, 95% CI; 0.19-0.82, p=0.001). C. albicans was also significantly higher among participants who had whitish vaginal discharges (96.67%) (OR; 8.0, 95%CI, 3.8-16.85, p=0.001), and yellow-green vaginal discharges (58.62%) (OR; 0.12, 95% CI; 0.01-0.93, p=0.007).
Conclusions: C. albicans is a relatively common gynaecological problem among married women in our region. C. albicans is significantly higher among child bearing age women who had vaginal discharges and itching in our study. These results call for preventive measures to protect women against Candidiasis. Therefore, public health education and campaign should be implemented.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:45:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-567ee2d695724dbabe6389eeeb477eca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2663-628X 2663-6298 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:45:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | University of Zakho |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Science Journal of University of Zakho |
| spelling | doaj.art-567ee2d695724dbabe6389eeeb477eca2023-05-02T17:17:53ZengUniversity of ZakhoScience Journal of University of Zakho2663-628X2663-62982023-05-0111210.25271/sjuoz.2023.11.2.976EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQShivan Othman Haydar0Ibrahim A Naqid1Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Health and Medical Techniques-Shekhan, Duhok Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region, IraqDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq Background: Candida vaginitis is a major fungal infection of the female genital tract ranging from mucosal to systemic infection. Candida species has remained a major public health issue affecting women globally. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Candida albicans and its associated risk factors among married women with signs and symptoms of vaginitis referring to Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital at Zakho City, Iraq. Methods: Vaginal samples were collected from 150 symptomatic women aged 18-48 years from October 2021-to April 2022 using two sterile cotton swabs. Wet mount was initially performed from first swab for the presence of budding yeast cells, and pseudo-hyphae of Candida infection. The second collected swabs were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 35°C for 24-48 hrs. C. albicans was then detected using morphologic characteristics of the colony. Candida colonies were finally confirmed by germ tube test. Results: Overall, 58 (38.67%) C. albicans were diagnosed. The highest rate of infection was reported in the age group of 31-40 years (45%) and non-educated people (37%), but statistically not significant (p>0.05). C. albicans was also higher in women who used pills as a contraceptive (45.45%) than other types of contraceptives. Women who had low number of births were significantly associated with C. albicans (OR; 1.01, 95% CI; 0.94-1.26, p=028). C. albicans was also significantly associated among symptomatic patients with vaginal itching (67.19%) (OR; 9.69, 95% CI; 4.52-20.79, p=0.001) and vaginal pH level > 4.5 (OR; 0.39, 95% CI; 0.19-0.82, p=0.001). C. albicans was also significantly higher among participants who had whitish vaginal discharges (96.67%) (OR; 8.0, 95%CI, 3.8-16.85, p=0.001), and yellow-green vaginal discharges (58.62%) (OR; 0.12, 95% CI; 0.01-0.93, p=0.007). Conclusions: C. albicans is a relatively common gynaecological problem among married women in our region. C. albicans is significantly higher among child bearing age women who had vaginal discharges and itching in our study. These results call for preventive measures to protect women against Candidiasis. Therefore, public health education and campaign should be implemented. https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/976Candida albicansRisk FactorsReproductive Age WomenZakho CityIraq |
| spellingShingle | Shivan Othman Haydar Ibrahim A Naqid EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQ Science Journal of University of Zakho Candida albicans Risk Factors Reproductive Age Women Zakho City Iraq |
| title | EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQ |
| title_full | EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQ |
| title_fullStr | EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQ |
| title_full_unstemmed | EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQ |
| title_short | EVALUATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN ZAKHO CITY, KURDI-STAN REGION, IRAQ |
| title_sort | evaluation of candida albicans and its associated risk factors among married women of reproductive age in zakho city kurdi stan region iraq |
| topic | Candida albicans Risk Factors Reproductive Age Women Zakho City Iraq |
| url | https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/976 |
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