Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality
Daily exposure to bisphenols can affect reproductive functions due to their pseudo-estrogenic and/or anti-androgenic effects. Testicular lipids contain high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary for sperm maturity, motility, and spermatogenesis. Whether prenatal exposure to bisphenols alte...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Saikanth Varma Archana Molangiri Suryam Reddy Kona Ahamed Ibrahim Asim K. Duttaroy Sanjay Basak |
| author_facet | Saikanth Varma Archana Molangiri Suryam Reddy Kona Ahamed Ibrahim Asim K. Duttaroy Sanjay Basak |
| author_sort | Saikanth Varma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Daily exposure to bisphenols can affect reproductive functions due to their pseudo-estrogenic and/or anti-androgenic effects. Testicular lipids contain high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary for sperm maturity, motility, and spermatogenesis. Whether prenatal exposure to bisphenols alters testicular fatty acid metabolism in adult offspring is unknown. Pregnant Wistar rats were gavaged from gestational day 4 to 21 with BPA and BPS (0.0, 0.4, 4.0, 40.0 μg/kg bw/day). Despite increased body and testis weight, the total testicular cholesterol, triglyceride, and plasma fatty acids were unaffected in the offspring. Lipogenesis was upregulated by increased SCD-1, SCD-2, and expression of lipid storage (ADRP) and trafficking protein (FABP4). The arachidonic acid, 20:4 n-6 (ARA) and docosapentaenoic acid, 22:5 n-6 (DPA) levels were decreased in the BPA-exposed testis, while BPS exposure had no effects. The expression of PPARα, PPARγ proteins, and CATSPER2 mRNA were decreased, which are important for energy dissipation and the motility of the sperm in the testis. The endogenous conversion of linoleic acid,18:2 n-6 (LA), to ARA was impaired by a reduced ARA/LA ratio and decreased FADS1 expression in BPA-exposed testis. Collectively, fetal BPA exposure affected endogenous long-chain fatty acid metabolism and steroidogenesis in the adult testis, which might dysregulate sperm maturation and quality. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:41:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-568293a00ca44b40a117de7e0886c4032023-11-16T21:04:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244376910.3390/ijms24043769Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and QualitySaikanth Varma0Archana Molangiri1Suryam Reddy Kona2Ahamed Ibrahim3Asim K. Duttaroy4Sanjay Basak5Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, IndiaMolecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, IndiaLipid Chemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, IndiaLipid Chemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, IndiaDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, NorwayMolecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, IndiaDaily exposure to bisphenols can affect reproductive functions due to their pseudo-estrogenic and/or anti-androgenic effects. Testicular lipids contain high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary for sperm maturity, motility, and spermatogenesis. Whether prenatal exposure to bisphenols alters testicular fatty acid metabolism in adult offspring is unknown. Pregnant Wistar rats were gavaged from gestational day 4 to 21 with BPA and BPS (0.0, 0.4, 4.0, 40.0 μg/kg bw/day). Despite increased body and testis weight, the total testicular cholesterol, triglyceride, and plasma fatty acids were unaffected in the offspring. Lipogenesis was upregulated by increased SCD-1, SCD-2, and expression of lipid storage (ADRP) and trafficking protein (FABP4). The arachidonic acid, 20:4 n-6 (ARA) and docosapentaenoic acid, 22:5 n-6 (DPA) levels were decreased in the BPA-exposed testis, while BPS exposure had no effects. The expression of PPARα, PPARγ proteins, and CATSPER2 mRNA were decreased, which are important for energy dissipation and the motility of the sperm in the testis. The endogenous conversion of linoleic acid,18:2 n-6 (LA), to ARA was impaired by a reduced ARA/LA ratio and decreased FADS1 expression in BPA-exposed testis. Collectively, fetal BPA exposure affected endogenous long-chain fatty acid metabolism and steroidogenesis in the adult testis, which might dysregulate sperm maturation and quality.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3769testisPUFABPAmale fertilitydesaturasePPAR |
| spellingShingle | Saikanth Varma Archana Molangiri Suryam Reddy Kona Ahamed Ibrahim Asim K. Duttaroy Sanjay Basak Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality International Journal of Molecular Sciences testis PUFA BPA male fertility desaturase PPAR |
| title | Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality |
| title_full | Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality |
| title_fullStr | Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality |
| title_short | Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality |
| title_sort | fetal exposure to endocrine disrupting bisphenol a bpa alters testicular fatty acid metabolism in the adult offspring relevance to sperm maturation and quality |
| topic | testis PUFA BPA male fertility desaturase PPAR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3769 |
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