Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China
Understanding the methods leading to rice yield increase is vital for sustainable agricultural development. Improving the harvest index (HI) is an important way to increase rice yield. To explore the effects of different water and nitrogen management modes on the rice HI in the black soil region of...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/1/115 |
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| author | Sicheng Du Zhongxue Zhang Tiecheng Li Zhongbo Wang Xin Zhou Zhaomei Gai Zhijuan Qi |
| author_facet | Sicheng Du Zhongxue Zhang Tiecheng Li Zhongbo Wang Xin Zhou Zhaomei Gai Zhijuan Qi |
| author_sort | Sicheng Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the methods leading to rice yield increase is vital for sustainable agricultural development. Improving the harvest index (HI) is an important way to increase rice yield. To explore the effects of different water and nitrogen management modes on the rice HI in the black soil region of Northeast China, a field experiment was conducted in 2019 (Y1) and 2020 (Y2). Two irrigation methods, conventional flooding irrigation (FI) and controlled irrigation (CI), were established in the experiment, and four nitrogen application levels (0 kg/ha, 85 kg/ha, 110 kg/ha, and 135 kg/ha) were set during the entire growth period, named N0, N1, N2, and N3. The dry matter weight and the rice yield at the maturity stage were determined, and the HI was then calculated. The results showed that different irrigation modes and nitrogen application levels had significant effects on the rice HI. Under different irrigation modes with the same nitrogen application level during the two years, the comparison regular of HI was consistent. In Y1 and Y2, the HI of FN0 was 3.36% and 5.02% higher than that of CN0 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the HI of CN1 was 0.31% and 2.43% higher than that of FN1 (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The HI under CI was significantly higher than that under FI under N2 and N3 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), the HI of CN2 was 4.21% and 4.97% higher than that of FN2, and the HI of FN3 was 13.12% and 20.34% higher than that of CN3. In addition, during the two-year experiment, the HI first increased and then decreased with an increase in the nitrogen application rate under FI and CI. Under the FI treatments, the HI of N1 was the highest, and that of N2 was the highest under the CI treatments. A variance analysis showed that the irrigation pattern and nitrogen application level had significant interactions on the rice HI (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and the appropriate water and N management mode could increase rice the HI by 26.89%. The experimental results showed that the HI of the 110 kg/ha nitrogen application rate under CI was the highest, reaching 0.574 and 0.572, respectively, in two years. This study provides a data reference and theoretical support for realizing water savings, nitrogen reduction, and sustainable agricultural development in the black soil region of Northeast China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5685f4a9a5ec4f5f8e0be964063f4b58 |
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| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5685f4a9a5ec4f5f8e0be964063f4b582023-11-23T12:36:30ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-01-0112111510.3390/agriculture12010115Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast ChinaSicheng Du0Zhongxue Zhang1Tiecheng Li2Zhongbo Wang3Xin Zhou4Zhaomei Gai5Zhijuan Qi6School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, ChinaUnderstanding the methods leading to rice yield increase is vital for sustainable agricultural development. Improving the harvest index (HI) is an important way to increase rice yield. To explore the effects of different water and nitrogen management modes on the rice HI in the black soil region of Northeast China, a field experiment was conducted in 2019 (Y1) and 2020 (Y2). Two irrigation methods, conventional flooding irrigation (FI) and controlled irrigation (CI), were established in the experiment, and four nitrogen application levels (0 kg/ha, 85 kg/ha, 110 kg/ha, and 135 kg/ha) were set during the entire growth period, named N0, N1, N2, and N3. The dry matter weight and the rice yield at the maturity stage were determined, and the HI was then calculated. The results showed that different irrigation modes and nitrogen application levels had significant effects on the rice HI. Under different irrigation modes with the same nitrogen application level during the two years, the comparison regular of HI was consistent. In Y1 and Y2, the HI of FN0 was 3.36% and 5.02% higher than that of CN0 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the HI of CN1 was 0.31% and 2.43% higher than that of FN1 (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The HI under CI was significantly higher than that under FI under N2 and N3 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), the HI of CN2 was 4.21% and 4.97% higher than that of FN2, and the HI of FN3 was 13.12% and 20.34% higher than that of CN3. In addition, during the two-year experiment, the HI first increased and then decreased with an increase in the nitrogen application rate under FI and CI. Under the FI treatments, the HI of N1 was the highest, and that of N2 was the highest under the CI treatments. A variance analysis showed that the irrigation pattern and nitrogen application level had significant interactions on the rice HI (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and the appropriate water and N management mode could increase rice the HI by 26.89%. The experimental results showed that the HI of the 110 kg/ha nitrogen application rate under CI was the highest, reaching 0.574 and 0.572, respectively, in two years. This study provides a data reference and theoretical support for realizing water savings, nitrogen reduction, and sustainable agricultural development in the black soil region of Northeast China.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/1/115the black soil region of Northeast Chinaharvest indexwater and nitrogenyielddry matter accumulation |
| spellingShingle | Sicheng Du Zhongxue Zhang Tiecheng Li Zhongbo Wang Xin Zhou Zhaomei Gai Zhijuan Qi Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Agriculture the black soil region of Northeast China harvest index water and nitrogen yield dry matter accumulation |
| title | Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China |
| title_full | Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China |
| title_fullStr | Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China |
| title_short | Response of Rice Harvest Index to Different Water and Nitrogen Management Modes in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China |
| title_sort | response of rice harvest index to different water and nitrogen management modes in the black soil region of northeast china |
| topic | the black soil region of Northeast China harvest index water and nitrogen yield dry matter accumulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/1/115 |
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