Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ club
Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), or representatives of the proposed order Megavirales, belong to families of giant viruses that infect a broad range of eukaryotic hosts. Megaviruses have been previously described to comprise a fourth monophylogenetic TRUC (Things Resisting Uncompleted C...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00423/full |
| _version_ | 1828520606977490944 |
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| author | Vikas eSharma Vikas eSharma Philippe eColson Philippe eColson Olivier eChabrol Patrick eScheid Pierre ePontarotti Didier eRaoult Didier eRaoult |
| author_facet | Vikas eSharma Vikas eSharma Philippe eColson Philippe eColson Olivier eChabrol Patrick eScheid Pierre ePontarotti Didier eRaoult Didier eRaoult |
| author_sort | Vikas eSharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), or representatives of the proposed order Megavirales, belong to families of giant viruses that infect a broad range of eukaryotic hosts. Megaviruses have been previously described to comprise a fourth monophylogenetic TRUC (Things Resisting Uncompleted Classification) together with cellular domains in the universal tree of life. Recently described pandoraviruses have large (1.9-2.5 MB) and highly divergent genomes. In the present study, we updated the classification of pandoraviruses and other reported giant viruses. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on six informational genes. Hierarchical clustering was performed based on a set of informational genes from Megavirales members and cellular organisms. Homologous sequences were selected from cellular organisms using TimeTree software, comprising comprehensive and representative sets of members from Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. Phylogenetic analyses based on three conserved core genes clustered pandoraviruses with phycodnaviruses, exhibiting their close relatedness. Additionally, hierarchical clustering analyses based on informational genes grouped pandoraviruses with Megavirales members as a super group distinct from cellular organisms. Thus, the analyses based on core conserved genes revealed that pandoraviruses are new genuine members of the ‘Fourth TRUC’ club, encompassing distinct life forms compared with cellular organisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:33:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-568cb99e66f6451d8ed276bf8f601fe9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:33:49Z |
| publishDate | 2015-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-568cb99e66f6451d8ed276bf8f601fe92022-12-22T00:53:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2015-05-01610.3389/fmicb.2015.00423138154Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ clubVikas eSharma0Vikas eSharma1Philippe eColson2Philippe eColson3Olivier eChabrol4Patrick eScheid5Pierre ePontarotti6Didier eRaoult7Didier eRaoult8Université de la MéditerranéeI2 M UMR - CNRS 7373, Aix-Marseille Univ., Evolution Biologique et ModélisationUniversité de la MéditerranéeIHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Fondation Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de MarseilleI2 M UMR - CNRS 7373, Aix-Marseille Univ., Evolution Biologique et ModélisationMedical Parasitology Lab., Central Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical ServiceI2 M UMR - CNRS 7373, Aix-Marseille Univ., Evolution Biologique et ModélisationUniversité de la MéditerranéeIHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Fondation Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de MarseilleNucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), or representatives of the proposed order Megavirales, belong to families of giant viruses that infect a broad range of eukaryotic hosts. Megaviruses have been previously described to comprise a fourth monophylogenetic TRUC (Things Resisting Uncompleted Classification) together with cellular domains in the universal tree of life. Recently described pandoraviruses have large (1.9-2.5 MB) and highly divergent genomes. In the present study, we updated the classification of pandoraviruses and other reported giant viruses. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on six informational genes. Hierarchical clustering was performed based on a set of informational genes from Megavirales members and cellular organisms. Homologous sequences were selected from cellular organisms using TimeTree software, comprising comprehensive and representative sets of members from Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. Phylogenetic analyses based on three conserved core genes clustered pandoraviruses with phycodnaviruses, exhibiting their close relatedness. Additionally, hierarchical clustering analyses based on informational genes grouped pandoraviruses with Megavirales members as a super group distinct from cellular organisms. Thus, the analyses based on core conserved genes revealed that pandoraviruses are new genuine members of the ‘Fourth TRUC’ club, encompassing distinct life forms compared with cellular organisms.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00423/fullphylogenyhierarchical clusteringgiant virusNCLDVNucleocytoplasmic large DNA virusesMegavirales |
| spellingShingle | Vikas eSharma Vikas eSharma Philippe eColson Philippe eColson Olivier eChabrol Patrick eScheid Pierre ePontarotti Didier eRaoult Didier eRaoult Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ club Frontiers in Microbiology phylogeny hierarchical clustering giant virus NCLDV Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses Megavirales |
| title | Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ club |
| title_full | Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ club |
| title_fullStr | Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ club |
| title_full_unstemmed | Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ club |
| title_short | Welcome to pandoraviruses at the 'Fourth TRUC’ club |
| title_sort | welcome to pandoraviruses at the 39 fourth truc club |
| topic | phylogeny hierarchical clustering giant virus NCLDV Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses Megavirales |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00423/full |
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