Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection
The early stage of wound infection is always non-specific. Prompt intervention may help to prevent the wound from worsening. We developed a new protocol, based on previous research, that employs a paper-based IL-6 test strip used in combination with a spectrum-based optical reader to detect IL-6 in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/7/1585 |
| _version_ | 1797440672795459584 |
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| author | Shin-Chen Pan Yu-Feng Wu Yu-Chen Lin Sheng-Wen Lin Chao-Min Cheng |
| author_facet | Shin-Chen Pan Yu-Feng Wu Yu-Chen Lin Sheng-Wen Lin Chao-Min Cheng |
| author_sort | Shin-Chen Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The early stage of wound infection is always non-specific. Prompt intervention may help to prevent the wound from worsening. We developed a new protocol, based on previous research, that employs a paper-based IL-6 test strip used in combination with a spectrum-based optical reader to detect IL-6 in normal tissue (n = 19), acute wounds (n = 31), and chronic wounds (n = 32). Our data indicated the presence of significantly higher levels of IL-6 in acute wound tissues, but no significant difference in serum CRP. Receiver operating characteristics were used to determine clinical sensitivity and specificity of tissue IL-6 and systemic CRP. The area under the curve values were 0.87 and 0.63, respectively. The cut-off value of 30 pg/mL for IL-6 provided good sensitivity (75.0%) and superior specificity (88.9%). We found a high correlation between the IL-6 test strip and conventional ELISA results (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.85, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and good agreement was also observed according to Bland-Altman analysis. We showed a promising role of tissue IL-6 to help early diagnosis of wound infection when clinical symptoms were non-specific. The advantages of this wound detection protocol included minimal invasiveness, small sample requirements, speed, sample preparation ease, and user-friendliness. This methodology could help care providers quickly clarify wound infection status and implement timely, optimal management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:12:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56945d5d207640ed812b16d99b66b3f9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:12:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-56945d5d207640ed812b16d99b66b3f92023-11-30T22:50:30ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-07-01107158510.3390/biomedicines10071585Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound InfectionShin-Chen Pan0Yu-Feng Wu1Yu-Chen Lin2Sheng-Wen Lin3Chao-Min Cheng4Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Center of Cell Therapy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, TaiwanInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, TaiwanInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, TaiwanInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, TaiwanInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, TaiwanThe early stage of wound infection is always non-specific. Prompt intervention may help to prevent the wound from worsening. We developed a new protocol, based on previous research, that employs a paper-based IL-6 test strip used in combination with a spectrum-based optical reader to detect IL-6 in normal tissue (n = 19), acute wounds (n = 31), and chronic wounds (n = 32). Our data indicated the presence of significantly higher levels of IL-6 in acute wound tissues, but no significant difference in serum CRP. Receiver operating characteristics were used to determine clinical sensitivity and specificity of tissue IL-6 and systemic CRP. The area under the curve values were 0.87 and 0.63, respectively. The cut-off value of 30 pg/mL for IL-6 provided good sensitivity (75.0%) and superior specificity (88.9%). We found a high correlation between the IL-6 test strip and conventional ELISA results (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.85, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and good agreement was also observed according to Bland-Altman analysis. We showed a promising role of tissue IL-6 to help early diagnosis of wound infection when clinical symptoms were non-specific. The advantages of this wound detection protocol included minimal invasiveness, small sample requirements, speed, sample preparation ease, and user-friendliness. This methodology could help care providers quickly clarify wound infection status and implement timely, optimal management.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/7/1585wound infectioninterleukin-6crppoint-of-care testingpaper-based test stripspectrum-based optical reader |
| spellingShingle | Shin-Chen Pan Yu-Feng Wu Yu-Chen Lin Sheng-Wen Lin Chao-Min Cheng Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection Biomedicines wound infection interleukin-6 crp point-of-care testing paper-based test strip spectrum-based optical reader |
| title | Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection |
| title_full | Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection |
| title_fullStr | Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection |
| title_short | Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection |
| title_sort | paper based interleukin 6 test strip for early detection of wound infection |
| topic | wound infection interleukin-6 crp point-of-care testing paper-based test strip spectrum-based optical reader |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/7/1585 |
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