Effects of estrogen on the vascular system
The cardiovascular protective actions of estrogen are partially mediated by a direct effect on the vessel wall. Estrogen is active both on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells where functionally competent estrogen receptors have been identified. Estrogen administration promotes vasodilation...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica
2003-09-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000900002 |
| _version_ | 1818367522065350656 |
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| author | R.C. Tostes D. Nigro Z.B. Fortes M.H.C. Carvalho |
| author_facet | R.C. Tostes D. Nigro Z.B. Fortes M.H.C. Carvalho |
| author_sort | R.C. Tostes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cardiovascular protective actions of estrogen are partially mediated by a direct effect on the vessel wall. Estrogen is active both on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells where functionally competent estrogen receptors have been identified. Estrogen administration promotes vasodilation in humans and in experimental animals, in part by stimulating prostacyclin and nitric oxide synthesis, as well as by decreasing the production of vasoconstrictor agents such as cyclooxygenase-derived products, reactive oxygen species, angiotensin II, and endothelin-1. In vitro, estrogen exerts a direct inhibitory effect on smooth muscle by activating potassium efflux and by inhibiting calcium influx. In addition, estrogen inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. In vivo, 17ß-estradiol prevents neointimal thickening after balloon injury and also ameliorates the lesions occurring in atherosclerotic conditions. As is the case for other steroids, the effect of estrogen on the vessel wall has a rapid non-genomic component involving membrane phenomena, such as alteration of membrane ionic permeability and activation of membrane-bound enzymes, as well as the classical genomic effect involving estrogen receptor activation and gene expression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T22:53:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5695d63933bd4b258a255ddf3ad59e2a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0100-879X 1414-431X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T22:53:23Z |
| publishDate | 2003-09-01 |
| publisher | Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-5695d63933bd4b258a255ddf3ad59e2a2022-12-21T23:28:34ZengAssociação Brasileira de Divulgação CientíficaBrazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research0100-879X1414-431X2003-09-013691143115810.1590/S0100-879X2003000900002Effects of estrogen on the vascular systemR.C. TostesD. NigroZ.B. FortesM.H.C. CarvalhoThe cardiovascular protective actions of estrogen are partially mediated by a direct effect on the vessel wall. Estrogen is active both on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells where functionally competent estrogen receptors have been identified. Estrogen administration promotes vasodilation in humans and in experimental animals, in part by stimulating prostacyclin and nitric oxide synthesis, as well as by decreasing the production of vasoconstrictor agents such as cyclooxygenase-derived products, reactive oxygen species, angiotensin II, and endothelin-1. In vitro, estrogen exerts a direct inhibitory effect on smooth muscle by activating potassium efflux and by inhibiting calcium influx. In addition, estrogen inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. In vivo, 17ß-estradiol prevents neointimal thickening after balloon injury and also ameliorates the lesions occurring in atherosclerotic conditions. As is the case for other steroids, the effect of estrogen on the vessel wall has a rapid non-genomic component involving membrane phenomena, such as alteration of membrane ionic permeability and activation of membrane-bound enzymes, as well as the classical genomic effect involving estrogen receptor activation and gene expression.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000900002Sex hormonesEstrogenVascular smooth muscleEndothelium nitric oxideEndothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factorAngiotensinEndothelin-1Calcium channelsPotassium channels |
| spellingShingle | R.C. Tostes D. Nigro Z.B. Fortes M.H.C. Carvalho Effects of estrogen on the vascular system Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research Sex hormones Estrogen Vascular smooth muscle Endothelium nitric oxide Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor Angiotensin Endothelin-1 Calcium channels Potassium channels |
| title | Effects of estrogen on the vascular system |
| title_full | Effects of estrogen on the vascular system |
| title_fullStr | Effects of estrogen on the vascular system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of estrogen on the vascular system |
| title_short | Effects of estrogen on the vascular system |
| title_sort | effects of estrogen on the vascular system |
| topic | Sex hormones Estrogen Vascular smooth muscle Endothelium nitric oxide Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor Angiotensin Endothelin-1 Calcium channels Potassium channels |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000900002 |
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