Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian Forest
We apply different methods for detection of extreme phenomena (EP) in air-turbulent time series measured in the nocturnal boundary layer above the Amazon forest. The methods used were: (a) a Morlet complex wavelet transform, which is often used in analysis of non-linear application processes. Throug...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/9/952 |
| _version_ | 1827706735724331008 |
|---|---|
| author | Francisco O. Miranda Fernando M. Ramos Celso von Randow Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior Marcelo Chamecki Jose D. Fuentes Antônio O. Manzi Marceliano E. de Oliveira Cledenilson M. de Souza |
| author_facet | Francisco O. Miranda Fernando M. Ramos Celso von Randow Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior Marcelo Chamecki Jose D. Fuentes Antônio O. Manzi Marceliano E. de Oliveira Cledenilson M. de Souza |
| author_sort | Francisco O. Miranda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We apply different methods for detection of extreme phenomena (EP) in air-turbulent time series measured in the nocturnal boundary layer above the Amazon forest. The methods used were: (a) a Morlet complex wavelet transform, which is often used in analysis of non-linear application processes. Through the use of the wavelet, it is possible to observe a phase singularity that involves a strong interaction between an extensive range of scales; (b) recurrence plot tests, which were used to identify a sudden change between different stable atmospheric states. (c) statistical analysis of early-warning signals, which verify simultaneous increases in the autocorrelation function and in the variance in the state variable; and (d) analysis of wind speed versus turbulent kinetic energy to identify different turbulent regimes in the stable boundary layer. We found it is adequate to use a threshold to classify the cases of strong turbulence regime, as a result of the occurrence of EP in the tropical atmosphere. All methods used corroborate and indicate synergy between events that culminate in what we classify as EP of the stable boundary layer above the tropical forest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:31:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56aa0544649944a386d69bf4cc7ff241 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:31:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-56aa0544649944a386d69bf4cc7ff2412023-11-20T12:46:33ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-09-0111995210.3390/atmos11090952Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian ForestFrancisco O. Miranda0Fernando M. Ramos1Celso von Randow2Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior3Marcelo Chamecki4Jose D. Fuentes5Antônio O. Manzi6Marceliano E. de Oliveira7Cledenilson M. de Souza8UEA/CESP—Amazonas State University, Parintins 69153-230, Amazonas, BrazilCCST/INPE—National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12630-000, BrazilCCST/INPE—National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12630-000, BrazilINPA/CLIAMB—National Institute of Amazon Researches, Manaus 69060-001, Amazonas, BrazilDepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USAINPA/CLIAMB—National Institute of Amazon Researches, Manaus 69060-001, Amazonas, BrazilUEA/CESP—Amazonas State University, Parintins 69153-230, Amazonas, BrazilUFAM—Federal University of Amazonas, Parintins 69067-005, Amazonas, BrazilWe apply different methods for detection of extreme phenomena (EP) in air-turbulent time series measured in the nocturnal boundary layer above the Amazon forest. The methods used were: (a) a Morlet complex wavelet transform, which is often used in analysis of non-linear application processes. Through the use of the wavelet, it is possible to observe a phase singularity that involves a strong interaction between an extensive range of scales; (b) recurrence plot tests, which were used to identify a sudden change between different stable atmospheric states. (c) statistical analysis of early-warning signals, which verify simultaneous increases in the autocorrelation function and in the variance in the state variable; and (d) analysis of wind speed versus turbulent kinetic energy to identify different turbulent regimes in the stable boundary layer. We found it is adequate to use a threshold to classify the cases of strong turbulence regime, as a result of the occurrence of EP in the tropical atmosphere. All methods used corroborate and indicate synergy between events that culminate in what we classify as EP of the stable boundary layer above the tropical forest.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/9/952extreme phenomenaturbulence regimesnocturnal boundary layer |
| spellingShingle | Francisco O. Miranda Fernando M. Ramos Celso von Randow Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior Marcelo Chamecki Jose D. Fuentes Antônio O. Manzi Marceliano E. de Oliveira Cledenilson M. de Souza Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian Forest Atmosphere extreme phenomena turbulence regimes nocturnal boundary layer |
| title | Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian Forest |
| title_full | Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian Forest |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian Forest |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian Forest |
| title_short | Detection of Extreme Phenomena in the Stable Boundary Layer over the Amazonian Forest |
| title_sort | detection of extreme phenomena in the stable boundary layer over the amazonian forest |
| topic | extreme phenomena turbulence regimes nocturnal boundary layer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/9/952 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franciscoomiranda detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT fernandomramos detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT celsovonrandow detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT cleoqdiasjunior detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT marcelochamecki detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT josedfuentes detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT antonioomanzi detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT marcelianoedeoliveira detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest AT cledenilsonmdesouza detectionofextremephenomenainthestableboundarylayerovertheamazonianforest |