Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice Yield
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of applying rice husk biochar (RHB) or ground magnesium limestone (GML) in combination with bio-fertilizer on soil biochemical properties and the yield of rice planted on an acid sulfate soil. The RHB or GML plus bio-fertilizer were applied each at the r...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/8/1100 |
| _version_ | 1797560916807516160 |
|---|---|
| author | Qurban Ali Panhwar Umme Aminun Naher Jusop Shamshuddin Mohd Razi Ismail |
| author_facet | Qurban Ali Panhwar Umme Aminun Naher Jusop Shamshuddin Mohd Razi Ismail |
| author_sort | Qurban Ali Panhwar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of applying rice husk biochar (RHB) or ground magnesium limestone (GML) in combination with bio-fertilizer on soil biochemical properties and the yield of rice planted on an acid sulfate soil. The RHB or GML plus bio-fertilizer were applied each at the rate of 4 t ha<sup>−1</sup>. Applying the amendments increased soil pH (>5.0) and improved soil biochemical properties with a concomitant reduction of Al and Fe that resulted in enhanced rice growth. Applying GML plus bio-fertilizer resulted in increased soil N content (0.20%), available P (34.38 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), exchangeable Ca (2.97 cmol<sub>c</sub> kg<sup>−1</sup>) and exchangeable Mg (2.45 cmol<sub>c</sub> kg<sup>−1</sup>); all these enhanced rice nutrient uptake. The highest bacterial population of 8.34 log<sub>10</sub> CFU g<sup>−1</sup> soil was found in the same treatment. Applying GML and RHB alone, or in combination with bio-fertilizer, was found to enhance rice growth and the yield. The highest plant height (90.33 cm), leaf chlorophyll content (38.05), plant tiller numbers (16), filled grains (86%), number of panicles per plant (18), lengths of panicles (24.40 cm), grain (5.24 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), straw yield (10.20 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) and harvest index (0.51) were determined in the GML plus bio-fertilizer, followed by RHB plus bio-fertilizer treatment. Thus, GML applied in combination with bio-fertilizer is considered as a promising agronomic package to sustain the production of rice planted on acid sulfate soils. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:06:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56b608a09521499d90ef04c8b764b547 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:06:56Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-56b608a09521499d90ef04c8b764b5472023-11-20T08:26:31ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-07-01108110010.3390/agronomy10081100Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice YieldQurban Ali Panhwar0Umme Aminun Naher1Jusop Shamshuddin2Mohd Razi Ismail3Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, MalaysiaInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, MalaysiaInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, MalaysiaInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, MalaysiaA study was conducted to evaluate the effects of applying rice husk biochar (RHB) or ground magnesium limestone (GML) in combination with bio-fertilizer on soil biochemical properties and the yield of rice planted on an acid sulfate soil. The RHB or GML plus bio-fertilizer were applied each at the rate of 4 t ha<sup>−1</sup>. Applying the amendments increased soil pH (>5.0) and improved soil biochemical properties with a concomitant reduction of Al and Fe that resulted in enhanced rice growth. Applying GML plus bio-fertilizer resulted in increased soil N content (0.20%), available P (34.38 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), exchangeable Ca (2.97 cmol<sub>c</sub> kg<sup>−1</sup>) and exchangeable Mg (2.45 cmol<sub>c</sub> kg<sup>−1</sup>); all these enhanced rice nutrient uptake. The highest bacterial population of 8.34 log<sub>10</sub> CFU g<sup>−1</sup> soil was found in the same treatment. Applying GML and RHB alone, or in combination with bio-fertilizer, was found to enhance rice growth and the yield. The highest plant height (90.33 cm), leaf chlorophyll content (38.05), plant tiller numbers (16), filled grains (86%), number of panicles per plant (18), lengths of panicles (24.40 cm), grain (5.24 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), straw yield (10.20 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) and harvest index (0.51) were determined in the GML plus bio-fertilizer, followed by RHB plus bio-fertilizer treatment. Thus, GML applied in combination with bio-fertilizer is considered as a promising agronomic package to sustain the production of rice planted on acid sulfate soils.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/8/1100phosphate-solubilizing bacteriasoil biochemical propertiesorganic acidsAl<sup>3+</sup> toxicityFe<sup>2+</sup> toxicity |
| spellingShingle | Qurban Ali Panhwar Umme Aminun Naher Jusop Shamshuddin Mohd Razi Ismail Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice Yield Agronomy phosphate-solubilizing bacteria soil biochemical properties organic acids Al<sup>3+</sup> toxicity Fe<sup>2+</sup> toxicity |
| title | Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice Yield |
| title_full | Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice Yield |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice Yield |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice Yield |
| title_short | Effects of Biochar and Ground Magnesium Limestone Application, with or without Bio-Fertilizer Addition, on Biochemical Properties of an Acid Sulfate Soil and Rice Yield |
| title_sort | effects of biochar and ground magnesium limestone application with or without bio fertilizer addition on biochemical properties of an acid sulfate soil and rice yield |
| topic | phosphate-solubilizing bacteria soil biochemical properties organic acids Al<sup>3+</sup> toxicity Fe<sup>2+</sup> toxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/8/1100 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qurbanalipanhwar effectsofbiocharandgroundmagnesiumlimestoneapplicationwithorwithoutbiofertilizeradditiononbiochemicalpropertiesofanacidsulfatesoilandriceyield AT ummeaminunnaher effectsofbiocharandgroundmagnesiumlimestoneapplicationwithorwithoutbiofertilizeradditiononbiochemicalpropertiesofanacidsulfatesoilandriceyield AT jusopshamshuddin effectsofbiocharandgroundmagnesiumlimestoneapplicationwithorwithoutbiofertilizeradditiononbiochemicalpropertiesofanacidsulfatesoilandriceyield AT mohdraziismail effectsofbiocharandgroundmagnesiumlimestoneapplicationwithorwithoutbiofertilizeradditiononbiochemicalpropertiesofanacidsulfatesoilandriceyield |