The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Pain and quality of life are closely interrelated in children with cerebral palsy (CCP). Even though 67% of CCP experience pain, it is overlooked and untreated. In this study, our purpose was two-fold: first, to examine the relationship between pain and spasticity by evaluating the effects of Abobot...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/2/152 |
| _version_ | 1797617914760658944 |
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| author | Christian Wong |
| author_facet | Christian Wong |
| author_sort | Christian Wong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pain and quality of life are closely interrelated in children with cerebral palsy (CCP). Even though 67% of CCP experience pain, it is overlooked and untreated. In this study, our purpose was two-fold: first, to examine the relationship between pain and spasticity by evaluating the effects of AbobotulinumtoxinA/Dysport (BoNT), and second, to describe the symptoms and location of pain in CCP. The subjects were 22 CCP in at least moderate pain. They were evaluated for spasticity by the modified Ashworth and Tardieu scale and for pain by the r-FLACC and the pediatric pain profile. After one injection of BoNT, the subjects were re-evaluated. We found a significant reduction in pain, but no significant relationship between the reduction of pain and spasticity. We found no association between the dose of BoNT and pain or spasticity. Pain in the lower extremity was located primarily in the hip region. The effect of ultrasound-guided intermuscular injections of BoNT suggests that pain in CCP has an extra-articular component. We found that pain in CCP manifests as specific tell-tale signs and problems in daily living. In conclusion, we found no relationship between pain and spasticity. Signs and manifestations of pain are described in detail. Lower extremity (hip) pain seems to have a soft tissue/extra-articular component. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:02:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56be1993867649a79d916c919ebef720 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:02:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-56be1993867649a79d916c919ebef7202023-11-16T23:39:15ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512023-02-0115215210.3390/toxins15020152The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral PalsyChristian Wong0Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2650 Hvidovre, DenmarkPain and quality of life are closely interrelated in children with cerebral palsy (CCP). Even though 67% of CCP experience pain, it is overlooked and untreated. In this study, our purpose was two-fold: first, to examine the relationship between pain and spasticity by evaluating the effects of AbobotulinumtoxinA/Dysport (BoNT), and second, to describe the symptoms and location of pain in CCP. The subjects were 22 CCP in at least moderate pain. They were evaluated for spasticity by the modified Ashworth and Tardieu scale and for pain by the r-FLACC and the pediatric pain profile. After one injection of BoNT, the subjects were re-evaluated. We found a significant reduction in pain, but no significant relationship between the reduction of pain and spasticity. We found no association between the dose of BoNT and pain or spasticity. Pain in the lower extremity was located primarily in the hip region. The effect of ultrasound-guided intermuscular injections of BoNT suggests that pain in CCP has an extra-articular component. We found that pain in CCP manifests as specific tell-tale signs and problems in daily living. In conclusion, we found no relationship between pain and spasticity. Signs and manifestations of pain are described in detail. Lower extremity (hip) pain seems to have a soft tissue/extra-articular component.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/2/152paincerebral palsychildrenspasticityclinical characteristics/tell-tale signs of painparental perception of pain |
| spellingShingle | Christian Wong The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy Toxins pain cerebral palsy children spasticity clinical characteristics/tell-tale signs of pain parental perception of pain |
| title | The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy |
| title_full | The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy |
| title_short | The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy |
| title_sort | relationship between pain and spasticity and tell tale signs of pain in children with cerebral palsy |
| topic | pain cerebral palsy children spasticity clinical characteristics/tell-tale signs of pain parental perception of pain |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/2/152 |
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