Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait
Background Soft tissue artifacts (STAs) are a source of error in marker-based gait analysis in dogs. While some studies have revealed the existence of STAs in the canine hindlimb, STAs and their influence on kinematic gait analysis remain unclear. Methods Thirteen healthy Taiwan dogs affixed with tw...
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| Format: | Article |
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PeerJ Inc.
2020-06-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/9379.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797421886779424768 |
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| author | Cheng-Chung Lin Shi-Nuan Wang Ming Lu Tzu-Yi Chao Tung-Wu Lu Ching-Ho Wu |
| author_facet | Cheng-Chung Lin Shi-Nuan Wang Ming Lu Tzu-Yi Chao Tung-Wu Lu Ching-Ho Wu |
| author_sort | Cheng-Chung Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Soft tissue artifacts (STAs) are a source of error in marker-based gait analysis in dogs. While some studies have revealed the existence of STAs in the canine hindlimb, STAs and their influence on kinematic gait analysis remain unclear. Methods Thirteen healthy Taiwan dogs affixed with twenty skin markers on the thigh and crus were recruited. Soft tissue artifacts and their influence on the determination of segment poses and stifle angles were assessed by simultaneously measuring marker trajectories and kinematics of the underlying bones via a model-based fluoroscopic analysis method. Results Markers on the thigh showed higher STAs than those on the crus, with root-mean-square amplitudes up to 15.5 mm. None of the tested marker clusters were able to accurately reproduce the skeletal poses, in which the maximum root-mean-square deviations ranged from 3.4° to 8.1°. The use of markers resulted in overestimated stifle flexion during 40–60% of the gait cycle and underestimated stifle flexion during 80–90% of the gait cycle. Conclusions Considerable magnitudes and effects of STAs on the marker-based 3D gait analysis of dogs were demonstrated. The results indicate that the development of error-compensation techniques based on knowledge regarding STAs is warranted for more accurate gait analysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:23:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56c6ef2eab624f3d9033c2c7d4289578 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:23:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-56c6ef2eab624f3d9033c2c7d42895782023-12-03T07:08:47ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-06-018e937910.7717/peerj.9379Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gaitCheng-Chung Lin0Shi-Nuan Wang1Ming Lu2Tzu-Yi Chao3Tung-Wu Lu4Ching-Ho Wu5Department of Electrical Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, TaiwanInstitute of Veterinary Clinical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Veterinary Clinical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Veterinary Clinical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Veterinary Clinical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanBackground Soft tissue artifacts (STAs) are a source of error in marker-based gait analysis in dogs. While some studies have revealed the existence of STAs in the canine hindlimb, STAs and their influence on kinematic gait analysis remain unclear. Methods Thirteen healthy Taiwan dogs affixed with twenty skin markers on the thigh and crus were recruited. Soft tissue artifacts and their influence on the determination of segment poses and stifle angles were assessed by simultaneously measuring marker trajectories and kinematics of the underlying bones via a model-based fluoroscopic analysis method. Results Markers on the thigh showed higher STAs than those on the crus, with root-mean-square amplitudes up to 15.5 mm. None of the tested marker clusters were able to accurately reproduce the skeletal poses, in which the maximum root-mean-square deviations ranged from 3.4° to 8.1°. The use of markers resulted in overestimated stifle flexion during 40–60% of the gait cycle and underestimated stifle flexion during 80–90% of the gait cycle. Conclusions Considerable magnitudes and effects of STAs on the marker-based 3D gait analysis of dogs were demonstrated. The results indicate that the development of error-compensation techniques based on knowledge regarding STAs is warranted for more accurate gait analysis.https://peerj.com/articles/9379.pdfFluoroscopyGait analysisKinematicsMarkerSoft tissue artifactsLocomotion |
| spellingShingle | Cheng-Chung Lin Shi-Nuan Wang Ming Lu Tzu-Yi Chao Tung-Wu Lu Ching-Ho Wu Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait PeerJ Fluoroscopy Gait analysis Kinematics Marker Soft tissue artifacts Locomotion |
| title | Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait |
| title_full | Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait |
| title_fullStr | Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait |
| title_full_unstemmed | Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait |
| title_short | Description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait |
| title_sort | description of soft tissue artifacts and related consequences on hindlimb kinematics during canine gait |
| topic | Fluoroscopy Gait analysis Kinematics Marker Soft tissue artifacts Locomotion |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/9379.pdf |
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