Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil.
The sand flea Tunga penetrans is one of the zoonotic agents of tungiasis, a parasitic skin disease of humans and animals. The dog is one of its main reservoirs. This negatively controlled, randomized, double-masked clinical trial evaluated the therapeutic and residual efficacy of fluralaner for trea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-03-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010251 |
| _version_ | 1818285695955894272 |
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| author | Katharine Costa Dos Santos Rafael Marin Chiummo Anja Regina Heckeroth Eva Zschiesche Paula Elisa Brandão Guedes Tatiani Vitor Harvey Anderson Vieira de Jesus Anaiá da Paixão Sevá Joana Thaisa Santos de Oliveira Zelina Dos Santos Freire Jürgen Krücken Fernando de Almeida Borges Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna Renata Santiago Alberto Carlos |
| author_facet | Katharine Costa Dos Santos Rafael Marin Chiummo Anja Regina Heckeroth Eva Zschiesche Paula Elisa Brandão Guedes Tatiani Vitor Harvey Anderson Vieira de Jesus Anaiá da Paixão Sevá Joana Thaisa Santos de Oliveira Zelina Dos Santos Freire Jürgen Krücken Fernando de Almeida Borges Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna Renata Santiago Alberto Carlos |
| author_sort | Katharine Costa Dos Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The sand flea Tunga penetrans is one of the zoonotic agents of tungiasis, a parasitic skin disease of humans and animals. The dog is one of its main reservoirs. This negatively controlled, randomized, double-masked clinical trial evaluated the therapeutic and residual efficacy of fluralaner for treatment of dogs naturally infested with T. penetrans. Sixty-two dogs from an endemically affected community in Brazil were randomly assigned to either receive oral fluralaner (Bravecto chewable tablets) at a dose of 25 to 56 mg fluralaner/kg body weight, or no treatment (31 dogs per group). Dogs were clinically examined using a severity score for acute canine tungiasis (SCADT), parasitological examinations as defined by the Fortaleza classification, and pictures of lesions on days 0 (inclusion and treatment), 7 ± 2, 14 ± 2, 21 ± 2, 28 ± 2, 60 ± 7, 90 ± 7, 120 ± 7 and 150 ± 7. The percentage of parasite-free dogs after treatment was >90% between days 14 and 90 post-treatment with 100% efficacy on study days 21, 28 and 60. Sand flea counts on fluralaner treated dogs were significantly lower (p<0.025) than control dogs on all counts from day 7 to 120. The number of live sand fleas on treated dogs was reduced by > 90% on day 7, > 95% on days 14 and 90, and 100% from day 21 to 60, and with a significant difference between groups from day 7 to 120. From day 7 to day 120, mean SCADT scores were significantly reduced in treated dogs with a mean of 0.10 compared to 1.54 on day 120 in untreated dogs. Therefore, a single oral fluralaner administration is effective for treating and achieving long lasting (> 12 weeks) prevention for tungiasis in dogs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:12:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56c84fff95e94b7196f6be9811747b38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:12:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-56c84fff95e94b7196f6be9811747b382022-12-22T00:04:26ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352022-03-01163e001025110.1371/journal.pntd.0010251Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil.Katharine Costa Dos SantosRafael Marin ChiummoAnja Regina HeckerothEva ZschieschePaula Elisa Brandão GuedesTatiani Vitor HarveyAnderson Vieira de JesusAnaiá da Paixão SeváJoana Thaisa Santos de OliveiraZelina Dos Santos FreireJürgen KrückenFernando de Almeida BorgesGeorg von Samson-HimmelstjernaRenata Santiago Alberto CarlosThe sand flea Tunga penetrans is one of the zoonotic agents of tungiasis, a parasitic skin disease of humans and animals. The dog is one of its main reservoirs. This negatively controlled, randomized, double-masked clinical trial evaluated the therapeutic and residual efficacy of fluralaner for treatment of dogs naturally infested with T. penetrans. Sixty-two dogs from an endemically affected community in Brazil were randomly assigned to either receive oral fluralaner (Bravecto chewable tablets) at a dose of 25 to 56 mg fluralaner/kg body weight, or no treatment (31 dogs per group). Dogs were clinically examined using a severity score for acute canine tungiasis (SCADT), parasitological examinations as defined by the Fortaleza classification, and pictures of lesions on days 0 (inclusion and treatment), 7 ± 2, 14 ± 2, 21 ± 2, 28 ± 2, 60 ± 7, 90 ± 7, 120 ± 7 and 150 ± 7. The percentage of parasite-free dogs after treatment was >90% between days 14 and 90 post-treatment with 100% efficacy on study days 21, 28 and 60. Sand flea counts on fluralaner treated dogs were significantly lower (p<0.025) than control dogs on all counts from day 7 to 120. The number of live sand fleas on treated dogs was reduced by > 90% on day 7, > 95% on days 14 and 90, and 100% from day 21 to 60, and with a significant difference between groups from day 7 to 120. From day 7 to day 120, mean SCADT scores were significantly reduced in treated dogs with a mean of 0.10 compared to 1.54 on day 120 in untreated dogs. Therefore, a single oral fluralaner administration is effective for treating and achieving long lasting (> 12 weeks) prevention for tungiasis in dogs.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010251 |
| spellingShingle | Katharine Costa Dos Santos Rafael Marin Chiummo Anja Regina Heckeroth Eva Zschiesche Paula Elisa Brandão Guedes Tatiani Vitor Harvey Anderson Vieira de Jesus Anaiá da Paixão Sevá Joana Thaisa Santos de Oliveira Zelina Dos Santos Freire Jürgen Krücken Fernando de Almeida Borges Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna Renata Santiago Alberto Carlos Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil. |
| title_full | Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil. |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil. |
| title_short | Efficacy of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) against Tunga penetrans in dogs: A negative control, randomized field study in an endemic community in Brazil. |
| title_sort | efficacy of oral fluralaner bravecto against tunga penetrans in dogs a negative control randomized field study in an endemic community in brazil |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010251 |
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