Dissecting Airborne Allergens
Asthma is a heterogeneous and very complex group of diseases, and includes different clinical phenotypes depending on symptoms, progression, exacerbation patterns, or responses to treatment, among other characteristics. The allergic phenotype is the most frequent, especially in pediatric asthma. It...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/18/5856 |
| _version_ | 1797579504747544576 |
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| author | Javier Torres-Borrego Manuel Sánchez-Solís |
| author_facet | Javier Torres-Borrego Manuel Sánchez-Solís |
| author_sort | Javier Torres-Borrego |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Asthma is a heterogeneous and very complex group of diseases, and includes different clinical phenotypes depending on symptoms, progression, exacerbation patterns, or responses to treatment, among other characteristics. The allergic phenotype is the most frequent, especially in pediatric asthma. It is characterized by sensitization (the production of specific IgEs) to allergens and frequent comorbidity with rhinitis as well as atopic dermatitis. Given the complexity of allergic asthma, knowledge of it must be approached from different points of view: clinical, histological, physiological, epidemiological, biochemical, and immunological, among others. Since partial approaches do not allow for the understanding of this complexity, it is necessary to have multidimensional knowledge that helps in performing the optimal management of each case, avoiding a “blind men and elephant parable” approach. Allergens are antigens that trigger the production of specific IgE antibodies in susceptible individuals, who present symptoms that will depend on the type and intensity of the allergenic load as well as the tissue where the interaction occurs. Airborne allergens cause their effects in the respiratory tract and eyes, and can be indoor or outdoor, perennial, or seasonal. Although allergens such as mites, pollens, or animal dander are generally considered single particles, it is important to note that they contain different molecules which could trigger distinct specific IgE molecules in different patients. General practitioners, pediatricians, and other physicians typically diagnose and treat asthma based on clinical and pulmonary function data in their daily practice. This nonsystematic and nonexhaustive revision aims to update other topics, especially those focused on airborne allergens, helping the diagnostic and therapeutic processes of allergic asthma and rhinitis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:37:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56d23530f8674e09b5835f5fc89b5087 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:37:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-56d23530f8674e09b5835f5fc89b50872023-11-19T11:18:21ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-09-011218585610.3390/jcm12185856Dissecting Airborne AllergensJavier Torres-Borrego0Manuel Sánchez-Solís1Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Reina Sofia Children’s University Hospital, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal sn, 14004 Cordoba, SpainPediatric Respiratory and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children’s Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), University of Murcia, Avda Teniente Flomesta, 5, 30003 Murcia, SpainAsthma is a heterogeneous and very complex group of diseases, and includes different clinical phenotypes depending on symptoms, progression, exacerbation patterns, or responses to treatment, among other characteristics. The allergic phenotype is the most frequent, especially in pediatric asthma. It is characterized by sensitization (the production of specific IgEs) to allergens and frequent comorbidity with rhinitis as well as atopic dermatitis. Given the complexity of allergic asthma, knowledge of it must be approached from different points of view: clinical, histological, physiological, epidemiological, biochemical, and immunological, among others. Since partial approaches do not allow for the understanding of this complexity, it is necessary to have multidimensional knowledge that helps in performing the optimal management of each case, avoiding a “blind men and elephant parable” approach. Allergens are antigens that trigger the production of specific IgE antibodies in susceptible individuals, who present symptoms that will depend on the type and intensity of the allergenic load as well as the tissue where the interaction occurs. Airborne allergens cause their effects in the respiratory tract and eyes, and can be indoor or outdoor, perennial, or seasonal. Although allergens such as mites, pollens, or animal dander are generally considered single particles, it is important to note that they contain different molecules which could trigger distinct specific IgE molecules in different patients. General practitioners, pediatricians, and other physicians typically diagnose and treat asthma based on clinical and pulmonary function data in their daily practice. This nonsystematic and nonexhaustive revision aims to update other topics, especially those focused on airborne allergens, helping the diagnostic and therapeutic processes of allergic asthma and rhinitis.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/18/5856airborne allergensallergic inflammationasthmaallergic rhinoconjunctivitissensitizationallergy |
| spellingShingle | Javier Torres-Borrego Manuel Sánchez-Solís Dissecting Airborne Allergens Journal of Clinical Medicine airborne allergens allergic inflammation asthma allergic rhinoconjunctivitis sensitization allergy |
| title | Dissecting Airborne Allergens |
| title_full | Dissecting Airborne Allergens |
| title_fullStr | Dissecting Airborne Allergens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dissecting Airborne Allergens |
| title_short | Dissecting Airborne Allergens |
| title_sort | dissecting airborne allergens |
| topic | airborne allergens allergic inflammation asthma allergic rhinoconjunctivitis sensitization allergy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/18/5856 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT javiertorresborrego dissectingairborneallergens AT manuelsanchezsolis dissectingairborneallergens |