The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Despite its proven efficacy, the hepatitis B vaccine requires improvements in immune enhancement and durability, especially in the elderly. Levamisole, an immune modulator, has been tested as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccine in several studies in immune-compromised populations. However, we aimed t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/873 |
| _version_ | 1818267027560726528 |
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| author | Mousalreza Hosseini Payman Shalchiantabrizi Maliheh Dadgarmoghaddam Saeideh Ahmady-Simab Azizollah Behjati Masoumeh Salari |
| author_facet | Mousalreza Hosseini Payman Shalchiantabrizi Maliheh Dadgarmoghaddam Saeideh Ahmady-Simab Azizollah Behjati Masoumeh Salari |
| author_sort | Mousalreza Hosseini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite its proven efficacy, the hepatitis B vaccine requires improvements in immune enhancement and durability, especially in the elderly. Levamisole, an immune modulator, has been tested as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccine in several studies in immune-compromised populations. However, we aimed to evaluate the effect of levamisole on the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy subjects. In this randomized clinical trial, healthy family members of chronic hepatitis B patients were given twenty-microgram intramuscular injections of hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months and 50 miligrams of oral levamisole twice a day for two weeks with every vaccination dose. Serum hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) levels of ultimately 98 individuals were measured one month after the final vaccination dose and compared to those of 119 subjects that received placebo and vaccine with an identical regimen. HBsAb levels >10 mIU/mL were considered protective. The Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis analysis (quantitative comparison in age groups), Chi-square test, and the Pearson correlation were used to analyze data. p<0.05 was considered significant. Serum HBsAb levels were significantly higher in the test group (p<0.001). All test subjects had levels above 50 mIU/mL (86.7% exceeding 100 mIU/mL). The quantitative response according to age groups was remarkable (p=0.01 and p<0.001 for placebo and levamisole, respectively), while that of gender was insignificant (p=0.9). Unlike HBsAb titers amongst controls, levels in the levamisole group were affected by smoking (p=0.79 and p=0.006, respectively). We conclude that oral levamisole as an adjuvant to the hepatitis B vaccine enhances the anti-HBs antibody in healthy vaccinees. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:16:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56eb86a4203945faa0d64dcbb4c4be26 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-1502 1735-5249 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:16:04Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-56eb86a4203945faa0d64dcbb4c4be262022-12-22T00:13:22ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology1735-15021735-52492017-06-01163873The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical TrialMousalreza Hosseini0Payman Shalchiantabrizi1Maliheh Dadgarmoghaddam2Saeideh Ahmady-Simab3Azizollah Behjati4Masoumeh Salari5Department of Gasteroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranThe Vice Chancellor of Research, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranImmonology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDespite its proven efficacy, the hepatitis B vaccine requires improvements in immune enhancement and durability, especially in the elderly. Levamisole, an immune modulator, has been tested as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccine in several studies in immune-compromised populations. However, we aimed to evaluate the effect of levamisole on the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy subjects. In this randomized clinical trial, healthy family members of chronic hepatitis B patients were given twenty-microgram intramuscular injections of hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months and 50 miligrams of oral levamisole twice a day for two weeks with every vaccination dose. Serum hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) levels of ultimately 98 individuals were measured one month after the final vaccination dose and compared to those of 119 subjects that received placebo and vaccine with an identical regimen. HBsAb levels >10 mIU/mL were considered protective. The Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis analysis (quantitative comparison in age groups), Chi-square test, and the Pearson correlation were used to analyze data. p<0.05 was considered significant. Serum HBsAb levels were significantly higher in the test group (p<0.001). All test subjects had levels above 50 mIU/mL (86.7% exceeding 100 mIU/mL). The quantitative response according to age groups was remarkable (p=0.01 and p<0.001 for placebo and levamisole, respectively), while that of gender was insignificant (p=0.9). Unlike HBsAb titers amongst controls, levels in the levamisole group were affected by smoking (p=0.79 and p=0.006, respectively). We conclude that oral levamisole as an adjuvant to the hepatitis B vaccine enhances the anti-HBs antibody in healthy vaccinees.https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/873ImmunizationHepatitis B vaccinesLevamisole |
| spellingShingle | Mousalreza Hosseini Payman Shalchiantabrizi Maliheh Dadgarmoghaddam Saeideh Ahmady-Simab Azizollah Behjati Masoumeh Salari The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Immunization Hepatitis B vaccines Levamisole |
| title | The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
| title_full | The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
| title_short | The Effect of Oral Levamisole Co-administration on the Level of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
| title_sort | effect of oral levamisole co administration on the level of immune response to hepatitis b vaccine in healthy individuals a randomized clinical trial |
| topic | Immunization Hepatitis B vaccines Levamisole |
| url | https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/873 |
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