Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players
There are numerous articles that study the ground reaction forces during the golf swing, among which only a few analyze the pressure pattern distributed on the entire surface of the foot. The current study compares the pressure patterns on the foot insoles of fifty-five golfers, from three different...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/358 |
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| author | Enrique Navarro José M. Mancebo Sima Farazi Malena del Olmo David Luengo |
| author_facet | Enrique Navarro José M. Mancebo Sima Farazi Malena del Olmo David Luengo |
| author_sort | Enrique Navarro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There are numerous articles that study the ground reaction forces during the golf swing, among which only a few analyze the pressure pattern distributed on the entire surface of the foot. The current study compares the pressure patterns on the foot insoles of fifty-five golfers, from three different performance levels, playing swings with driver and 5-iron clubs in the driving range. Five swings were selected for each club. During each swing, ultra-thin insole sensors (4 sensors/cm<sup>2</sup>) measure foot pressure at the frequency of 100 Hz. To perform statistical analysis, insole sensors are clustered to form seven areas, with the normalized pressure of each area being our dependent variable. A video camera was used to label the five key instants of the swing. Statistical analysis demonstrates a significant difference between the pressure distribution pattern of the left and right feet for both driver and 5-iron. However, the pressure distribution pattern remains almost the same when switching the club type from 5-iron to driver. We have also observed that there are significant differences between the pattern of professionals and players with medium and high handicap. The obtained pattern agrees with the principle of weight transfer with a different behavior between the medial and lateral areas of the foot. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5706a95e06b34d7e937357b6fec24c7e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5706a95e06b34d7e937357b6fec24c7e2023-11-23T11:11:45ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-12-0112135810.3390/app12010358Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur PlayersEnrique Navarro0José M. Mancebo1Sima Farazi2Malena del Olmo3David Luengo4Sport Biomechanics Laboratory, Health and Human Performance Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainSport Biomechanics Laboratory, Health and Human Performance Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainContinental AG, 30419 Hannover, GermanyAudiovisual and Communications Engineering Department, Electrical Engineering School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainAudiovisual and Communications Engineering Department, Electrical Engineering School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainThere are numerous articles that study the ground reaction forces during the golf swing, among which only a few analyze the pressure pattern distributed on the entire surface of the foot. The current study compares the pressure patterns on the foot insoles of fifty-five golfers, from three different performance levels, playing swings with driver and 5-iron clubs in the driving range. Five swings were selected for each club. During each swing, ultra-thin insole sensors (4 sensors/cm<sup>2</sup>) measure foot pressure at the frequency of 100 Hz. To perform statistical analysis, insole sensors are clustered to form seven areas, with the normalized pressure of each area being our dependent variable. A video camera was used to label the five key instants of the swing. Statistical analysis demonstrates a significant difference between the pressure distribution pattern of the left and right feet for both driver and 5-iron. However, the pressure distribution pattern remains almost the same when switching the club type from 5-iron to driver. We have also observed that there are significant differences between the pattern of professionals and players with medium and high handicap. The obtained pattern agrees with the principle of weight transfer with a different behavior between the medial and lateral areas of the foot.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/358golf swingbiomechanicspressure pattenweight transfersensors |
| spellingShingle | Enrique Navarro José M. Mancebo Sima Farazi Malena del Olmo David Luengo Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players Applied Sciences golf swing biomechanics pressure patten weight transfer sensors |
| title | Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players |
| title_full | Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players |
| title_fullStr | Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players |
| title_short | Foot Insole Pressure Distribution during the Golf Swing in Professionals and Amateur Players |
| title_sort | foot insole pressure distribution during the golf swing in professionals and amateur players |
| topic | golf swing biomechanics pressure patten weight transfer sensors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/358 |
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