Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive
The contamination of feeds with microbiological or toxicological agents can affect health, productivity and safety of livestock animals and their products. The treatment of feedstuffs to lower the content of undesired substances before feeding is expensive and labor intensive, therefore an alternati...
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/10/714 |
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| author | Małgorzata Nadziakiewicza Sylvia Kehoe Piotr Micek |
| author_facet | Małgorzata Nadziakiewicza Sylvia Kehoe Piotr Micek |
| author_sort | Małgorzata Nadziakiewicza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The contamination of feeds with microbiological or toxicological agents can affect health, productivity and safety of livestock animals and their products. The treatment of feedstuffs to lower the content of undesired substances before feeding is expensive and labor intensive, therefore an alternative is to reduce their gastrointestinal absorption. Different feed additives are available, however the use of clays and clay minerals are ideal for this purpose due to their high specific surface area, adsorption capacity, low or null toxicity for the animal and low cost. A large number of clays available to producers have different structures that are dependent on their mining source, causing difficulty in proper categorization. For this reason properties of phyllosilicates with 1:1 layers (one sheet of SiO4 tetrahedra joined to one sheet of Al- or Mg-octahedra), 2:1 layers (one sheet of Al- or Mg-octahedra between two sheets of Si-tetrahedra), and 2:1:1 layers (a basic 2:1 structure with an interlayer brucite (with cations Mg2+ or Fe2+) or gibbsite (with cation Al3+) sheet) and tectosilicates are described. The role of clay minerals in animal production shows a reduction in diarrhea, better feed conversion ratio, and improved health of many livestock species due to their specific adsorption potential of many feed mycotoxins. Overall, there is growing interest in the use of clays due to their beneficial characteristics, absence of primary toxicity and success in research to reduce animal disease and improve animal production and safety of animal products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:33:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57261bdb4c1345cfa4532c5bf69e2ce7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:33:22Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-57261bdb4c1345cfa4532c5bf69e2ce72022-12-22T01:20:48ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152019-09-0191071410.3390/ani9100714ani9100714Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed AdditiveMałgorzata Nadziakiewicza0Sylvia Kehoe1Piotr Micek2Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Animal and Food Science, University of Wisconsin - River Falls, 410 S. 3rd Street, River Falls, WI 54022, USADepartment of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, PolandThe contamination of feeds with microbiological or toxicological agents can affect health, productivity and safety of livestock animals and their products. The treatment of feedstuffs to lower the content of undesired substances before feeding is expensive and labor intensive, therefore an alternative is to reduce their gastrointestinal absorption. Different feed additives are available, however the use of clays and clay minerals are ideal for this purpose due to their high specific surface area, adsorption capacity, low or null toxicity for the animal and low cost. A large number of clays available to producers have different structures that are dependent on their mining source, causing difficulty in proper categorization. For this reason properties of phyllosilicates with 1:1 layers (one sheet of SiO4 tetrahedra joined to one sheet of Al- or Mg-octahedra), 2:1 layers (one sheet of Al- or Mg-octahedra between two sheets of Si-tetrahedra), and 2:1:1 layers (a basic 2:1 structure with an interlayer brucite (with cations Mg2+ or Fe2+) or gibbsite (with cation Al3+) sheet) and tectosilicates are described. The role of clay minerals in animal production shows a reduction in diarrhea, better feed conversion ratio, and improved health of many livestock species due to their specific adsorption potential of many feed mycotoxins. Overall, there is growing interest in the use of clays due to their beneficial characteristics, absence of primary toxicity and success in research to reduce animal disease and improve animal production and safety of animal products.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/10/714phyllosilicatesclaysfeed decontaminationmycotoxinsanimal healthproduct quality |
| spellingShingle | Małgorzata Nadziakiewicza Sylvia Kehoe Piotr Micek Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive Animals phyllosilicates clays feed decontamination mycotoxins animal health product quality |
| title | Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive |
| title_full | Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive |
| title_fullStr | Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive |
| title_short | Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive |
| title_sort | physico chemical properties of clay minerals and their use as a health promoting feed additive |
| topic | phyllosilicates clays feed decontamination mycotoxins animal health product quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/10/714 |
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