Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles
Electric Vehicles (EVs), accompanied with the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), are the solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector and are undoubtedly on the rise. Although EVs have been in the limelight over the last decade, little effort has been made towards the proper use of t...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Energy Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484719310911 |
| _version_ | 1818386424494292992 |
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| author | Emmanouil D. Kostopoulos George C. Spyropoulos John K. Kaldellis |
| author_facet | Emmanouil D. Kostopoulos George C. Spyropoulos John K. Kaldellis |
| author_sort | Emmanouil D. Kostopoulos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electric Vehicles (EVs), accompanied with the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), are the solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector and are undoubtedly on the rise. Although EVs have been in the limelight over the last decade, little effort has been made towards the proper use of the vehicle’s battery. Therefore, a better understanding of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, since they represent the heart of the majority of electric cars, during the discharging and charging procedure is crucial. The present study, that was experimentally conducted under real-world driving conditions, quantitatively analyzes the energy losses that take place during the charging of a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), focusing especially in the previously unexplored 80%–100% State of Charge (SoC) area. The results show that losses, during charging within the abovementioned area, are almost double compared to the 20%–80% SoC area and vehicle’s average specific real energy consumption is almost 2 kWh/100 km more, compared to what the driver sees on the EV’s dashboard. Furthermore, it is not for the driver’s benefit to exceed 80% of SoC during charging, considering the required charging time, the distance that each SoC area provides and the life expectancy of the battery itself. Based on these results and after a thorough literature review, the authors suggest the optimum SoC range within which drivers should operate the EV’s battery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:53:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-572a18627244463ab1da16d7f827d444 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-4847 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:53:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-572a18627244463ab1da16d7f827d4442022-12-21T23:18:08ZengElsevierEnergy Reports2352-48472020-11-016418426Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehiclesEmmanouil D. Kostopoulos0George C. Spyropoulos1John K. Kaldellis2Mechanical Engineering Department, University of West Attica – Campus 2., P.Ralli & Thivon Avenue 250, Aigaleo 12244, Athens, Greece; Corresponding author.Mechanical Engineering Department, University of West Attica – Campus 2., P.Ralli & Thivon Avenue 250, Aigaleo 12244, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Climatology and Atmospheric Environment, Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15784, Athens, GreeceMechanical Engineering Department, University of West Attica – Campus 2., P.Ralli & Thivon Avenue 250, Aigaleo 12244, Athens, GreeceElectric Vehicles (EVs), accompanied with the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), are the solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector and are undoubtedly on the rise. Although EVs have been in the limelight over the last decade, little effort has been made towards the proper use of the vehicle’s battery. Therefore, a better understanding of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, since they represent the heart of the majority of electric cars, during the discharging and charging procedure is crucial. The present study, that was experimentally conducted under real-world driving conditions, quantitatively analyzes the energy losses that take place during the charging of a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), focusing especially in the previously unexplored 80%–100% State of Charge (SoC) area. The results show that losses, during charging within the abovementioned area, are almost double compared to the 20%–80% SoC area and vehicle’s average specific real energy consumption is almost 2 kWh/100 km more, compared to what the driver sees on the EV’s dashboard. Furthermore, it is not for the driver’s benefit to exceed 80% of SoC during charging, considering the required charging time, the distance that each SoC area provides and the life expectancy of the battery itself. Based on these results and after a thorough literature review, the authors suggest the optimum SoC range within which drivers should operate the EV’s battery.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484719310911Electric vehiclesEnergy lossesOptimal charging procedureReal-world experimentSecond life battery market |
| spellingShingle | Emmanouil D. Kostopoulos George C. Spyropoulos John K. Kaldellis Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles Energy Reports Electric vehicles Energy losses Optimal charging procedure Real-world experiment Second life battery market |
| title | Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles |
| title_full | Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles |
| title_fullStr | Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles |
| title_short | Real-world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles |
| title_sort | real world study for the optimal charging of electric vehicles |
| topic | Electric vehicles Energy losses Optimal charging procedure Real-world experiment Second life battery market |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484719310911 |
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