Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer
Biological heterogeneity and low inherent immunogenicity are two features that greatly impact therapeutic management and outcome in colorectal cancer. Despite high local control rates, systemic tumor dissemination remains the main cause of treatment failure and stresses the need for new developments...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/8/2193 |
| _version_ | 1797560037686640640 |
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| author | Erta Kalanxhi Sebastian Meltzer Anne Hansen Ree |
| author_facet | Erta Kalanxhi Sebastian Meltzer Anne Hansen Ree |
| author_sort | Erta Kalanxhi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biological heterogeneity and low inherent immunogenicity are two features that greatly impact therapeutic management and outcome in colorectal cancer. Despite high local control rates, systemic tumor dissemination remains the main cause of treatment failure and stresses the need for new developments in combined-modality approaches. While the role of adaptive immune responses in a small subgroup of colorectal tumors with inherent immunogenicity is indisputable, the challenge remains in identifying the optimal synergy between conventional treatment modalities and immune therapy for the majority of the less immunogenic cases. In this context, cytotoxic agents such as radiation and certain chemotherapeutics can be utilized to enhance the immunogenicity of an otherwise immunologically silent disease and enable responsiveness to immune therapy. In this review, we explore the immunological characteristics of colorectal cancer, the effects that standard-of-care treatments have on the immune system, and the opportunities arising from combining immune checkpoint-blocking therapy with immune-modulating conventional treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:53:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-573c93f7ce234759ac15a1792514d3f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:53:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-573c93f7ce234759ac15a1792514d3f02023-11-20T09:15:12ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-08-01128219310.3390/cancers12082193Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal CancerErta Kalanxhi0Sebastian Meltzer1Anne Hansen Ree2Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, NorwayDepartment of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, NorwayDepartment of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, NorwayBiological heterogeneity and low inherent immunogenicity are two features that greatly impact therapeutic management and outcome in colorectal cancer. Despite high local control rates, systemic tumor dissemination remains the main cause of treatment failure and stresses the need for new developments in combined-modality approaches. While the role of adaptive immune responses in a small subgroup of colorectal tumors with inherent immunogenicity is indisputable, the challenge remains in identifying the optimal synergy between conventional treatment modalities and immune therapy for the majority of the less immunogenic cases. In this context, cytotoxic agents such as radiation and certain chemotherapeutics can be utilized to enhance the immunogenicity of an otherwise immunologically silent disease and enable responsiveness to immune therapy. In this review, we explore the immunological characteristics of colorectal cancer, the effects that standard-of-care treatments have on the immune system, and the opportunities arising from combining immune checkpoint-blocking therapy with immune-modulating conventional treatments.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/8/2193colorectal cancerhigh-riskmetastasisoxaliplatinradiationimmune checkpoint blockade |
| spellingShingle | Erta Kalanxhi Sebastian Meltzer Anne Hansen Ree Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer Cancers colorectal cancer high-risk metastasis oxaliplatin radiation immune checkpoint blockade |
| title | Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full | Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_short | Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_sort | immune modulating effects of conventional therapies in colorectal cancer |
| topic | colorectal cancer high-risk metastasis oxaliplatin radiation immune checkpoint blockade |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/8/2193 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ertakalanxhi immunemodulatingeffectsofconventionaltherapiesincolorectalcancer AT sebastianmeltzer immunemodulatingeffectsofconventionaltherapiesincolorectalcancer AT annehansenree immunemodulatingeffectsofconventionaltherapiesincolorectalcancer |