Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method

Hydrodynamic dispersion is a measure for describing the process of solute transport in porous media. Characterizing the dispersion of water flow within gravel is essential for the prediction of solute transport especially nonpoint source pollutants migration in alpine watersheds where the land surfa...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaonan Shi, Tingwu Lei, Yan Yan, Fan Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2016-06-01
Series:International Soil and Water Conservation Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633916300120
_version_ 1827264174383693824
author Xiaonan Shi
Tingwu Lei
Yan Yan
Fan Zhang
author_facet Xiaonan Shi
Tingwu Lei
Yan Yan
Fan Zhang
author_sort Xiaonan Shi
collection DOAJ
description Hydrodynamic dispersion is a measure for describing the process of solute transport in porous media. Characterizing the dispersion of water flow within gravel is essential for the prediction of solute transport especially nonpoint source pollutants migration in alpine watersheds where the land surface is typically covered with gravel. In this study, an integrated model and experimental method using an electrolyte tracer is proposed for determination of the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient. Two experimental scenarios were designed to measure electrolyte tracer transport processes in both free water flow and gravel layer flow under different slope gradients and transport distances. Subsequently, the measured data were used to simultaneously calculate both the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient and flow velocity by fitting the experimental data with the mathematical model. Dispersivity, as a critical feature of hydrodynamic dispersion, was determined as well under the two specified scenarios. Finally, the impact mechanisms of the gravel layer and factors related to the dispersion processes were comprehensively analyzed. The results indicate that the presence of a gravel layer significantly reduces flow velocity and the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient, but increases solute dispersivity. For the flow within gravel layers, with much lower velocity, the positive effect of the gravel layer on dispersivity may be neutralized or even surpassed by the negative effect of flow velocity. The results should be helpful in characterizing the dispersion processes of water flow within gravel layer and hence in predicting solute transport, especially in nonpoint source pollutants migration in alpine watersheds where the land surface is richly covered with gravel.
first_indexed 2024-03-07T17:04:48Z
format Article
id doaj.art-57453a43e9e94aba9f9fc19d32bc18a9
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 2095-6339
language English
last_indexed 2025-03-22T03:41:52Z
publishDate 2016-06-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
record_format Article
series International Soil and Water Conservation Research
spelling doaj.art-57453a43e9e94aba9f9fc19d32bc18a92024-04-28T11:59:54ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.International Soil and Water Conservation Research2095-63392016-06-0142879210.1016/j.iswcr.2016.05.001Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer methodXiaonan Shi0Tingwu Lei1Yan Yan2Fan Zhang3State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, PR ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR ChinaHydroChina Kunming Engineering Corporation, LTD, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, PR ChinaKey Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR ChinaHydrodynamic dispersion is a measure for describing the process of solute transport in porous media. Characterizing the dispersion of water flow within gravel is essential for the prediction of solute transport especially nonpoint source pollutants migration in alpine watersheds where the land surface is typically covered with gravel. In this study, an integrated model and experimental method using an electrolyte tracer is proposed for determination of the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient. Two experimental scenarios were designed to measure electrolyte tracer transport processes in both free water flow and gravel layer flow under different slope gradients and transport distances. Subsequently, the measured data were used to simultaneously calculate both the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient and flow velocity by fitting the experimental data with the mathematical model. Dispersivity, as a critical feature of hydrodynamic dispersion, was determined as well under the two specified scenarios. Finally, the impact mechanisms of the gravel layer and factors related to the dispersion processes were comprehensively analyzed. The results indicate that the presence of a gravel layer significantly reduces flow velocity and the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient, but increases solute dispersivity. For the flow within gravel layers, with much lower velocity, the positive effect of the gravel layer on dispersivity may be neutralized or even surpassed by the negative effect of flow velocity. The results should be helpful in characterizing the dispersion processes of water flow within gravel layer and hence in predicting solute transport, especially in nonpoint source pollutants migration in alpine watersheds where the land surface is richly covered with gravel.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633916300120Hydrodynamic dispersion coefficientFlow velocityGravel layerElectrolyte tracer
spellingShingle Xiaonan Shi
Tingwu Lei
Yan Yan
Fan Zhang
Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method
International Soil and Water Conservation Research
Hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient
Flow velocity
Gravel layer
Electrolyte tracer
title Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method
title_full Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method
title_fullStr Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method
title_full_unstemmed Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method
title_short Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method
title_sort determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method
topic Hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient
Flow velocity
Gravel layer
Electrolyte tracer
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633916300120
work_keys_str_mv AT xiaonanshi determinationandimpactfactoranalysisofhydrodynamicdispersioncoefficientwithinagravellayerusinganelectrolytetracermethod
AT tingwulei determinationandimpactfactoranalysisofhydrodynamicdispersioncoefficientwithinagravellayerusinganelectrolytetracermethod
AT yanyan determinationandimpactfactoranalysisofhydrodynamicdispersioncoefficientwithinagravellayerusinganelectrolytetracermethod
AT fanzhang determinationandimpactfactoranalysisofhydrodynamicdispersioncoefficientwithinagravellayerusinganelectrolytetracermethod