Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology
Melanin is a natural pigment that plays an important role in the protection of skin, however, hyperpigmentation cause by excessive levels of melatonin is associated with several problems. Therefore, melanogenesis inhibitory natural products have been developed by the cosmetic industry as skin medica...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2015-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/5/8730 |
| _version_ | 1818144322857467904 |
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| author | Ji Yeon Jeong Qing Liu Seon Beom Kim Yang Hee Jo Eun Jin Mo Hyo Hee Yang Dae Hye Song Bang Yeon Hwang Mi Kyeong Lee |
| author_facet | Ji Yeon Jeong Qing Liu Seon Beom Kim Yang Hee Jo Eun Jin Mo Hyo Hee Yang Dae Hye Song Bang Yeon Hwang Mi Kyeong Lee |
| author_sort | Ji Yeon Jeong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Melanin is a natural pigment that plays an important role in the protection of skin, however, hyperpigmentation cause by excessive levels of melatonin is associated with several problems. Therefore, melanogenesis inhibitory natural products have been developed by the cosmetic industry as skin medications. The leaves of Morus alba (Moraceae) have been reported to inhibit melanogenesis, therefore, characterization of the melanogenesis inhibitory constituents of M. alba leaves was attempted in this study. Twenty compounds including eight benzofurans, 10 flavonoids, one stilbenoid and one chalcone were isolated from M. alba leaves and these phenolic constituents were shown to significantly inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin content in B6F10 melanoma cells. To maximize the melanogenesis inhibitory activity and active phenolic contents, optimized M. alba leave extraction conditions were predicted using response surface methodology as a methanol concentration of 85.2%; an extraction temperature of 53.2 °C and an extraction time of 2 h. The tyrosinase inhibition and total phenolic content under optimal conditions were found to be 74.8% inhibition and 24.8 μg GAE/mg extract, which were well-matched with the predicted values of 75.0% inhibition and 23.8 μg GAE/mg extract. These results shall provide useful information about melanogenesis inhibitory constituents and optimized extracts from M. alba leaves as cosmetic therapeutics to reduce skin hyperpigmentation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T11:45:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-575617ef9db940a4b43fd0289496872d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T11:45:44Z |
| publishDate | 2015-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-575617ef9db940a4b43fd0289496872d2022-12-22T01:08:28ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492015-05-012058730874110.3390/molecules20058730molecules20058730Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface MethodologyJi Yeon JeongQing LiuSeon Beom KimYang Hee JoEun Jin MoHyo Hee YangDae Hye SongBang Yeon HwangMi Kyeong LeeMelanin is a natural pigment that plays an important role in the protection of skin, however, hyperpigmentation cause by excessive levels of melatonin is associated with several problems. Therefore, melanogenesis inhibitory natural products have been developed by the cosmetic industry as skin medications. The leaves of Morus alba (Moraceae) have been reported to inhibit melanogenesis, therefore, characterization of the melanogenesis inhibitory constituents of M. alba leaves was attempted in this study. Twenty compounds including eight benzofurans, 10 flavonoids, one stilbenoid and one chalcone were isolated from M. alba leaves and these phenolic constituents were shown to significantly inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin content in B6F10 melanoma cells. To maximize the melanogenesis inhibitory activity and active phenolic contents, optimized M. alba leave extraction conditions were predicted using response surface methodology as a methanol concentration of 85.2%; an extraction temperature of 53.2 °C and an extraction time of 2 h. The tyrosinase inhibition and total phenolic content under optimal conditions were found to be 74.8% inhibition and 24.8 μg GAE/mg extract, which were well-matched with the predicted values of 75.0% inhibition and 23.8 μg GAE/mg extract. These results shall provide useful information about melanogenesis inhibitory constituents and optimized extracts from M. alba leaves as cosmetic therapeutics to reduce skin hyperpigmentation.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/5/8730Morus albamelanogenesisoptimizationtyrosinasemelaninphenolic content |
| spellingShingle | Ji Yeon Jeong Qing Liu Seon Beom Kim Yang Hee Jo Eun Jin Mo Hyo Hee Yang Dae Hye Song Bang Yeon Hwang Mi Kyeong Lee Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology Molecules Morus alba melanogenesis optimization tyrosinase melanin phenolic content |
| title | Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full | Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_short | Characterization of Melanogenesis Inhibitory Constituents of Morus alba Leaves and Optimization of Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_sort | characterization of melanogenesis inhibitory constituents of morus alba leaves and optimization of extraction conditions using response surface methodology |
| topic | Morus alba melanogenesis optimization tyrosinase melanin phenolic content |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/5/8730 |
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