Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection
The study aimed to investigate the mastitis’ emerging causative agents and their antimicrobial sensitivity, in addition to the hematological, biochemical indicators, oxidative biomarkers, acute phase protein (APP), and inflammatory cytokine changes in dairy farms in Gamasa, Dakahlia Governorate, Egy...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/5/892 |
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| author | Asmaa Sadat Alshimaa M. M. Farag Driss Elhanafi Amal Awad Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy Noorah Alsowayeh Manal F. El-khadragy Gehad E. Elshopakey |
| author_facet | Asmaa Sadat Alshimaa M. M. Farag Driss Elhanafi Amal Awad Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy Noorah Alsowayeh Manal F. El-khadragy Gehad E. Elshopakey |
| author_sort | Asmaa Sadat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study aimed to investigate the mastitis’ emerging causative agents and their antimicrobial sensitivity, in addition to the hematological, biochemical indicators, oxidative biomarkers, acute phase protein (APP), and inflammatory cytokine changes in dairy farms in Gamasa, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. One hundred Holstein Friesian dairy cattle with clinical and subclinical mastitis were investigated and were allocated into three groups based on a thorough clinical examination. <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were found responsible for the clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy farms, respectively. Multiple drug resistance (MDR) was detected in 100%, and 94.74% of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> isolates, respectively. Significantly low RBCs count, Hb, and PCV values were detected in mastitic cows compared with both subclinical mastitic and control groups; moreover, WBCs, lymphocytes, and neutrophil counts were significantly diminished in mastitic cows compared to the controls. Significantly higher levels of AST, LDH, total protein, and globulin were noticed in both mastitic and subclinical mastitic cows. The haptoglobin, fibrinogen, amyloid A, ceruloplasmin, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were statistically increased in mastitic cows compared to the controls. Higher MDA levels and reduction of TAC and catalase were identified in all the mastitic cases compared to the controls. Overall, the findings suggested potential public health hazards due to antimicrobial resistance emergence. Meanwhile, the APP and cytokines, along with antioxidant markers can be used as early indicators of mastitis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:31:46Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:31:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-57588c343e1242adada1b381f53823ef2023-11-17T07:13:46ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-03-0113589210.3390/ani13050892Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> InfectionAsmaa Sadat0Alshimaa M. M. Farag1Driss Elhanafi2Amal Awad3Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy4Noorah Alsowayeh5Manal F. El-khadragy6Gehad E. Elshopakey7Department of Bacteriology, Mycology, and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptDepartment of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptBiomanufacturing Training and Education Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USADepartment of Bacteriology, Mycology, and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptDepartment of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, EgyptDepartment of Biology, College of Education (Majmaah), Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptThe study aimed to investigate the mastitis’ emerging causative agents and their antimicrobial sensitivity, in addition to the hematological, biochemical indicators, oxidative biomarkers, acute phase protein (APP), and inflammatory cytokine changes in dairy farms in Gamasa, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. One hundred Holstein Friesian dairy cattle with clinical and subclinical mastitis were investigated and were allocated into three groups based on a thorough clinical examination. <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were found responsible for the clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy farms, respectively. Multiple drug resistance (MDR) was detected in 100%, and 94.74% of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> isolates, respectively. Significantly low RBCs count, Hb, and PCV values were detected in mastitic cows compared with both subclinical mastitic and control groups; moreover, WBCs, lymphocytes, and neutrophil counts were significantly diminished in mastitic cows compared to the controls. Significantly higher levels of AST, LDH, total protein, and globulin were noticed in both mastitic and subclinical mastitic cows. The haptoglobin, fibrinogen, amyloid A, ceruloplasmin, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were statistically increased in mastitic cows compared to the controls. Higher MDA levels and reduction of TAC and catalase were identified in all the mastitic cases compared to the controls. Overall, the findings suggested potential public health hazards due to antimicrobial resistance emergence. Meanwhile, the APP and cytokines, along with antioxidant markers can be used as early indicators of mastitis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/5/892mastitis<i>E. coli</i><i>S. aureus</i>oxidative/antioxidant moleculesAPPinflammatory cytokines |
| spellingShingle | Asmaa Sadat Alshimaa M. M. Farag Driss Elhanafi Amal Awad Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy Noorah Alsowayeh Manal F. El-khadragy Gehad E. Elshopakey Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection Animals mastitis <i>E. coli</i> <i>S. aureus</i> oxidative/antioxidant molecules APP inflammatory cytokines |
| title | Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection |
| title_full | Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection |
| title_fullStr | Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection |
| title_short | Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection |
| title_sort | immunological and oxidative biomarkers in bovine serum from healthy clinical and sub clinical mastitis caused by i escherichia coli i and i staphylococcus aureus i infection |
| topic | mastitis <i>E. coli</i> <i>S. aureus</i> oxidative/antioxidant molecules APP inflammatory cytokines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/5/892 |
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