Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damage
Retroviruses create permanently integrated proviruses that exist in the host genome. Retroviral genomes encode for functionally conserved gag, pro, pol and env regions, as well as integrase (IN), which is required for retroviral integration. IN mediates viral genome insertion through 3´ end processi...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01941/full |
| _version_ | 1828515395175186432 |
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| author | Samantha Bray Matthew Turnbull Sherry Hebert Douville Nicole Douville |
| author_facet | Samantha Bray Matthew Turnbull Sherry Hebert Douville Nicole Douville |
| author_sort | Samantha Bray |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Retroviruses create permanently integrated proviruses that exist in the host genome. Retroviral genomes encode for functionally conserved gag, pro, pol and env regions, as well as integrase (IN), which is required for retroviral integration. IN mediates viral genome insertion through 3´ end processing of the viral DNA and the strand transfer reaction. This process requires the formation of a pre-integration complex, comprised of IN, viral DNA and cellular proteins. Viral insertion causes DNA damage, leading to the requirement of host DNA repair mechanisms. Therefore, a failure of DNA repair pathways may result in genomic instability and potentially cause host cell death. Considering the numerous human diseases associated with genomic instability, the endogenous retrovirus-K (ERVK) IN should be considered as a putative contributor to DNA damage in human cells. Future research and drug discovery should focus on ERVK IN activity and its role in human conditions, such as neurological disease and cancers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:12:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5764b3cff6ec4e86aadfe391ff6a9632 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:12:35Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5764b3cff6ec4e86aadfe391ff6a96322022-12-22T00:55:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-12-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.01941237429Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damageSamantha Bray0Matthew Turnbull1Sherry Hebert2Douville Nicole Douville3University of WinnipegUniversity of WinnipegUniversity of WinnipegUniversity of WinnipegRetroviruses create permanently integrated proviruses that exist in the host genome. Retroviral genomes encode for functionally conserved gag, pro, pol and env regions, as well as integrase (IN), which is required for retroviral integration. IN mediates viral genome insertion through 3´ end processing of the viral DNA and the strand transfer reaction. This process requires the formation of a pre-integration complex, comprised of IN, viral DNA and cellular proteins. Viral insertion causes DNA damage, leading to the requirement of host DNA repair mechanisms. Therefore, a failure of DNA repair pathways may result in genomic instability and potentially cause host cell death. Considering the numerous human diseases associated with genomic instability, the endogenous retrovirus-K (ERVK) IN should be considered as a putative contributor to DNA damage in human cells. Future research and drug discovery should focus on ERVK IN activity and its role in human conditions, such as neurological disease and cancers.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01941/fullDNA DamageGenomic InstabilityCancerNeurological DiseaseintegraseEndogenous retrovirus-K |
| spellingShingle | Samantha Bray Matthew Turnbull Sherry Hebert Douville Nicole Douville Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damage Frontiers in Microbiology DNA Damage Genomic Instability Cancer Neurological Disease integrase Endogenous retrovirus-K |
| title | Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damage |
| title_full | Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damage |
| title_fullStr | Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damage |
| title_short | Insight into the ERVK integrase – propensity for DNA damage |
| title_sort | insight into the ervk integrase propensity for dna damage |
| topic | DNA Damage Genomic Instability Cancer Neurological Disease integrase Endogenous retrovirus-K |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01941/full |
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