Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene Duplication
Large intergenic spacers and tRNA gene duplications have been reported in several insect groups, although little is known about mitogenomes of mayflies. Here, we determined complete mitogenomes of ten heptageniid species and systemically analyzed their mitogenomic features. Both a conserved intergen...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/2/170 |
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| author | Ran Li Zhiming Lei Wenjuan Li Wei Zhang Changfa Zhou |
| author_facet | Ran Li Zhiming Lei Wenjuan Li Wei Zhang Changfa Zhou |
| author_sort | Ran Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Large intergenic spacers and tRNA gene duplications have been reported in several insect groups, although little is known about mitogenomes of mayflies. Here, we determined complete mitogenomes of ten heptageniid species and systemically analyzed their mitogenomic features. Both a conserved intergenic spacer (IGS) and <i>trnM</i> duplication were detected in those mitogenomes. The IGS, which was observed in heptageniids, could be further folded into a stable stem–loop structure. The tRNA gene duplication was found in almost all analyzed mitogenomes, and a unique gene block <i>trnI</i>-<i>trnM</i>-<i>trnQ</i>-<i>trnM</i>-<i>ND2</i> was also discovered. Our analysis demonstrates that the heptageniid gene arrangement pattern can be explained by the tandem duplication-random loss (TDRL) model. Phylogenetic analyses using both Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods based on the nucleotide and amino acid sequence data recovered the genus <i>Epeorus</i> as monophyletic with strong support. Our results provide a better understanding of mitogenomic evolution in Heptageniidae, as well as novel molecular markers for species identification of mayflies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:49:28Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5787076db892499d8a5954589c7b3f1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:49:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-5787076db892499d8a5954589c7b3f1b2023-12-11T17:15:49ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502021-02-0112217010.3390/insects12020170Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene DuplicationRan Li0Zhiming Lei1Wenjuan Li2Wei Zhang3Changfa Zhou4The Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaLarge intergenic spacers and tRNA gene duplications have been reported in several insect groups, although little is known about mitogenomes of mayflies. Here, we determined complete mitogenomes of ten heptageniid species and systemically analyzed their mitogenomic features. Both a conserved intergenic spacer (IGS) and <i>trnM</i> duplication were detected in those mitogenomes. The IGS, which was observed in heptageniids, could be further folded into a stable stem–loop structure. The tRNA gene duplication was found in almost all analyzed mitogenomes, and a unique gene block <i>trnI</i>-<i>trnM</i>-<i>trnQ</i>-<i>trnM</i>-<i>ND2</i> was also discovered. Our analysis demonstrates that the heptageniid gene arrangement pattern can be explained by the tandem duplication-random loss (TDRL) model. Phylogenetic analyses using both Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods based on the nucleotide and amino acid sequence data recovered the genus <i>Epeorus</i> as monophyletic with strong support. Our results provide a better understanding of mitogenomic evolution in Heptageniidae, as well as novel molecular markers for species identification of mayflies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/2/170EphemeropteraHeptageniidaemitochondrial genomeintergenic spacergene rearrangement |
| spellingShingle | Ran Li Zhiming Lei Wenjuan Li Wei Zhang Changfa Zhou Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene Duplication Insects Ephemeroptera Heptageniidae mitochondrial genome intergenic spacer gene rearrangement |
| title | Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene Duplication |
| title_full | Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene Duplication |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene Duplication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene Duplication |
| title_short | Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Heptageniid Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): Conserved Intergenic Spacer and tRNA Gene Duplication |
| title_sort | comparative mitogenomic analysis of heptageniid mayflies insecta ephemeroptera conserved intergenic spacer and trna gene duplication |
| topic | Ephemeroptera Heptageniidae mitochondrial genome intergenic spacer gene rearrangement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/2/170 |
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