Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater
The presence of high concentrations of geogenic arsenic (As) in groundwater poses a serious threat to the health of millions of individuals globally. This paper examines the research progress of groundwater with high concentrations of geogenic As through a comprehensive literature review and analysi...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/3/478 |
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| author | Jiju Guo Wengeng Cao Guohui Lang Qifa Sun Tian Nan Xiangzhi Li Yu Ren Zeyan Li |
| author_facet | Jiju Guo Wengeng Cao Guohui Lang Qifa Sun Tian Nan Xiangzhi Li Yu Ren Zeyan Li |
| author_sort | Jiju Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presence of high concentrations of geogenic arsenic (As) in groundwater poses a serious threat to the health of millions of individuals globally. This paper examines the research progress of groundwater with high concentrations of geogenic As through a comprehensive literature review and analysis, covering distribution, health risks, in situ remediation, regulatory technologies, and development trends, to establish a reference for future research. The global distribution of geogenic high-As groundwater is mainly in inland basins and river deltas of countries in South Asia, East Asia, and South America. High-As risk areas can be modeled using hydrogeologic data and field measurements. This modeling approach allows for assessing and measuring potential areas of high-As groundwater. In order to provide safe drinking water promptly and effectively to areas affected by high-As groundwater, in situ rapid detection and remediation techniques have been given significant attention. This paper introduces household- or community-scale As removal technologies, including flocculant–disinfectant, bucket treatment units, use of activated alumina, use of nano zero-valent iron, aquifer iron coating technology, and bioremediation, summarizing the basic mechanisms of arsenic removal for each technology. Guaranteeing the sustainability of site-scale remediation technologies, reasonable aquifer management, and exploring alternative water sources are crucial for combating high-As groundwater contamination. Future studies should aim to elucidate the mechanisms of As’s coexistence with other pollutants in groundwater, effectively treating As-containing wastes or sludge produced during the treatment process and exploring better treatment options. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:46:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-578f2f64387645928d103d174b858b6c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:46:48Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-578f2f64387645928d103d174b858b6c2024-02-09T15:24:53ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412024-01-0116347810.3390/w16030478Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic GroundwaterJiju Guo0Wengeng Cao1Guohui Lang2Qifa Sun3Tian Nan4Xiangzhi Li5Yu Ren6Zeyan Li7The Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaHarbin Center of Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Harbin 150081, ChinaHarbin Center of Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Harbin 150081, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaThe presence of high concentrations of geogenic arsenic (As) in groundwater poses a serious threat to the health of millions of individuals globally. This paper examines the research progress of groundwater with high concentrations of geogenic As through a comprehensive literature review and analysis, covering distribution, health risks, in situ remediation, regulatory technologies, and development trends, to establish a reference for future research. The global distribution of geogenic high-As groundwater is mainly in inland basins and river deltas of countries in South Asia, East Asia, and South America. High-As risk areas can be modeled using hydrogeologic data and field measurements. This modeling approach allows for assessing and measuring potential areas of high-As groundwater. In order to provide safe drinking water promptly and effectively to areas affected by high-As groundwater, in situ rapid detection and remediation techniques have been given significant attention. This paper introduces household- or community-scale As removal technologies, including flocculant–disinfectant, bucket treatment units, use of activated alumina, use of nano zero-valent iron, aquifer iron coating technology, and bioremediation, summarizing the basic mechanisms of arsenic removal for each technology. Guaranteeing the sustainability of site-scale remediation technologies, reasonable aquifer management, and exploring alternative water sources are crucial for combating high-As groundwater contamination. Future studies should aim to elucidate the mechanisms of As’s coexistence with other pollutants in groundwater, effectively treating As-containing wastes or sludge produced during the treatment process and exploring better treatment options.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/3/478high-arsenic groundwaterworldwide scalein situ remediation of arsenichuman health risk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Jiju Guo Wengeng Cao Guohui Lang Qifa Sun Tian Nan Xiangzhi Li Yu Ren Zeyan Li Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater Water high-arsenic groundwater worldwide scale in situ remediation of arsenic human health risk assessment |
| title | Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater |
| title_full | Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater |
| title_fullStr | Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater |
| title_short | Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater |
| title_sort | worldwide distribution health risk treatment technology and development tendency of geogenic high arsenic groundwater |
| topic | high-arsenic groundwater worldwide scale in situ remediation of arsenic human health risk assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/3/478 |
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