REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration
Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) present continuous growth and regenerate many parts of their body after an injury. Fish oligodendrocytes, microglia and astrocytes support the formation of new connections producing effective regeneration of the central nervous system after a lesion. To und...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/12/2026 |
| _version_ | 1797382233903857664 |
|---|---|
| author | Cristina Pérez-Montes Jhoana Paola Jiménez-Cubides Almudena Velasco Rosario Arévalo Adrián Santos-Ledo Marina García-Macia |
| author_facet | Cristina Pérez-Montes Jhoana Paola Jiménez-Cubides Almudena Velasco Rosario Arévalo Adrián Santos-Ledo Marina García-Macia |
| author_sort | Cristina Pérez-Montes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) present continuous growth and regenerate many parts of their body after an injury. Fish oligodendrocytes, microglia and astrocytes support the formation of new connections producing effective regeneration of the central nervous system after a lesion. To understand the role of oligodendrocytes and the signals that mediate regeneration, we use the well-established optic nerve (ON) crush model. We also used <i>sox10</i> fluorescent transgenic lines to label fully differentiated oligodendrocytes. To quench the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we used the endogenous antioxidant melatonin. Using these tools, we measured ROS production by flow cytometry and explored the regeneration of the optic tectum (OT), the response of oligodendrocytes and their mitochondria by confocal microscopy and Western blot. ROS are produced by oligodendrocytes 3 h after injury and JNK activity is triggered. Concomitantly, there is a decrease in the number of fully differentiated oligodendrocytes in the OT and in their mitochondrial population. By 24 h, oligodendrocytes partially recover. Exposure to melatonin blocks the changes observed in these oligodendrocytes at 3 h and increases their number and their mitochondrial populations after 24 h. Melatonin also blocks JNK upregulation and induces aberrant neuronal differentiation in the OT. In conclusion, a proper balance of ROS is necessary during visual system regeneration and exposure to melatonin has a detrimental impact. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:02:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57aac471e5da418ca69ef57dbe11d665 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:02:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-57aac471e5da418ca69ef57dbe11d6652023-12-22T13:48:16ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-11-011212202610.3390/antiox12122026REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System RegenerationCristina Pérez-Montes0Jhoana Paola Jiménez-Cubides1Almudena Velasco2Rosario Arévalo3Adrián Santos-Ledo4Marina García-Macia5Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainZebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) present continuous growth and regenerate many parts of their body after an injury. Fish oligodendrocytes, microglia and astrocytes support the formation of new connections producing effective regeneration of the central nervous system after a lesion. To understand the role of oligodendrocytes and the signals that mediate regeneration, we use the well-established optic nerve (ON) crush model. We also used <i>sox10</i> fluorescent transgenic lines to label fully differentiated oligodendrocytes. To quench the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we used the endogenous antioxidant melatonin. Using these tools, we measured ROS production by flow cytometry and explored the regeneration of the optic tectum (OT), the response of oligodendrocytes and their mitochondria by confocal microscopy and Western blot. ROS are produced by oligodendrocytes 3 h after injury and JNK activity is triggered. Concomitantly, there is a decrease in the number of fully differentiated oligodendrocytes in the OT and in their mitochondrial population. By 24 h, oligodendrocytes partially recover. Exposure to melatonin blocks the changes observed in these oligodendrocytes at 3 h and increases their number and their mitochondrial populations after 24 h. Melatonin also blocks JNK upregulation and induces aberrant neuronal differentiation in the OT. In conclusion, a proper balance of ROS is necessary during visual system regeneration and exposure to melatonin has a detrimental impact.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/12/2026melatoninregenerationROSzebrafishvisual system |
| spellingShingle | Cristina Pérez-Montes Jhoana Paola Jiménez-Cubides Almudena Velasco Rosario Arévalo Adrián Santos-Ledo Marina García-Macia REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration Antioxidants melatonin regeneration ROS zebrafish visual system |
| title | REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration |
| title_full | REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration |
| title_fullStr | REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration |
| title_short | REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration |
| title_sort | redox balance in oligodendrocytes is important for zebrafish visual system regeneration |
| topic | melatonin regeneration ROS zebrafish visual system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/12/2026 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cristinaperezmontes redoxbalanceinoligodendrocytesisimportantforzebrafishvisualsystemregeneration AT jhoanapaolajimenezcubides redoxbalanceinoligodendrocytesisimportantforzebrafishvisualsystemregeneration AT almudenavelasco redoxbalanceinoligodendrocytesisimportantforzebrafishvisualsystemregeneration AT rosarioarevalo redoxbalanceinoligodendrocytesisimportantforzebrafishvisualsystemregeneration AT adriansantosledo redoxbalanceinoligodendrocytesisimportantforzebrafishvisualsystemregeneration AT marinagarciamacia redoxbalanceinoligodendrocytesisimportantforzebrafishvisualsystemregeneration |