Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is linked to a variety of internal and external factors present from the early stages of the disease. There are several risk factors related to the pathogenesis of AD, among these exosomes and microRNAs (miRNAs) are of particular importance. Exo...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/9/243 |
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| author | Ida Manna Selene De Benedittis Andrea Quattrone Domenico Maisano Enrico Iaccino Aldo Quattrone |
| author_facet | Ida Manna Selene De Benedittis Andrea Quattrone Domenico Maisano Enrico Iaccino Aldo Quattrone |
| author_sort | Ida Manna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is linked to a variety of internal and external factors present from the early stages of the disease. There are several risk factors related to the pathogenesis of AD, among these exosomes and microRNAs (miRNAs) are of particular importance. Exosomes are nanocarriers released from many different cell types, including neuronal cells. Through the transfer of bioactive molecules, they play an important role both in the maintenance of physiological and in pathological conditions. Exosomes could be carriers of potential biomarkers useful for the assessment of disease progression and for therapeutic applications. miRNAs are small noncoding endogenous RNA sequences active in the regulation of protein expression, and alteration of miRNA expression can result in a dysregulation of key genes and pathways that contribute to disease development. Indeed, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs has been highlighted in various neurodegenerative diseases, and this opens the possibility that dysregulated exosomal miRNA profiles may influence AD disease. The advances in exosome-related biomarker detection in AD are summarized. Finally, in this review, we highlight the use of exosomal miRNAs as essential biomarkers in preclinical and clinical studies in Alzheimer’s disease, also taking a look at their potential clinical value. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:22:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57c23b47cdd14aee966338fa9613bf06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:22:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-57c23b47cdd14aee966338fa9613bf062023-11-20T13:33:42ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472020-09-0113924310.3390/ph13090243Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s DiseaseIda Manna0Selene De Benedittis1Andrea Quattrone2Domenico Maisano3Enrico Iaccino4Aldo Quattrone5Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Graecia,” Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyInstitute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Graecia,” Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyAlzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is linked to a variety of internal and external factors present from the early stages of the disease. There are several risk factors related to the pathogenesis of AD, among these exosomes and microRNAs (miRNAs) are of particular importance. Exosomes are nanocarriers released from many different cell types, including neuronal cells. Through the transfer of bioactive molecules, they play an important role both in the maintenance of physiological and in pathological conditions. Exosomes could be carriers of potential biomarkers useful for the assessment of disease progression and for therapeutic applications. miRNAs are small noncoding endogenous RNA sequences active in the regulation of protein expression, and alteration of miRNA expression can result in a dysregulation of key genes and pathways that contribute to disease development. Indeed, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs has been highlighted in various neurodegenerative diseases, and this opens the possibility that dysregulated exosomal miRNA profiles may influence AD disease. The advances in exosome-related biomarker detection in AD are summarized. Finally, in this review, we highlight the use of exosomal miRNAs as essential biomarkers in preclinical and clinical studies in Alzheimer’s disease, also taking a look at their potential clinical value.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/9/243neurodegenerationAlzheimer’s diseasebiomarkersmiRNAsexosomesexosomal miRNAs |
| spellingShingle | Ida Manna Selene De Benedittis Andrea Quattrone Domenico Maisano Enrico Iaccino Aldo Quattrone Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease Pharmaceuticals neurodegeneration Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers miRNAs exosomes exosomal miRNAs |
| title | Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full | Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_short | Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_sort | exosomal mirnas as potential diagnostic biomarkers in alzheimer s disease |
| topic | neurodegeneration Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers miRNAs exosomes exosomal miRNAs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/9/243 |
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