Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective
(1) Background: Virtual reality (VR) has been investigated in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including addictive disorders (ADs); (2) Objective: This systematic review evaluates the current evidence of immersive VR (using head-mounted displays) in the clinical assessment and treatment of ADs; (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/16/3658 |
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| author | Simon Langener Joanne Van Der Nagel Jeannette van Manen Wiebren Markus Boukje Dijkstra Laura De Fuentes-Merillas Randy Klaassen Janika Heitmann Dirk Heylen Arnt Schellekens |
| author_facet | Simon Langener Joanne Van Der Nagel Jeannette van Manen Wiebren Markus Boukje Dijkstra Laura De Fuentes-Merillas Randy Klaassen Janika Heitmann Dirk Heylen Arnt Schellekens |
| author_sort | Simon Langener |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Virtual reality (VR) has been investigated in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including addictive disorders (ADs); (2) Objective: This systematic review evaluates the current evidence of immersive VR (using head-mounted displays) in the clinical assessment and treatment of ADs; (3) Method: PubMed and PsycINFO were queried for publications up to November 2020; (4) Results: We screened 4519 titles, 114 abstracts and 85 full-texts, and analyzed 36 articles regarding the clinical assessment (i.e., diagnostic and prognostic value; <i>n</i> = 19) and treatment (i.e., interventions; <i>n</i> = 17) of ADs. Though most VR assessment studies (<i>n</i> = 15/19) showed associations between VR-induced cue-reactivity and clinical parameters, only two studies specified diagnostic value. VR treatment studies based on exposure therapy showed no or negative effects. However, other VR interventions like embodied and aversive learning paradigms demonstrated positive findings. The overall study quality was rather poor; (5) Conclusion: Though VR in ADs provides ecologically valid environments to induce cue-reactivity and provide new treatment paradigms, the added clinical value in assessment and therapy remains to be elucidated before VR can be applied in clinical care. Therefore, future work should investigate VR efficacy in randomized clinical trials using well-defined clinical endpoints. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:41:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57d07a65b5424b5180c7dfe72980f56a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:41:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-57d07a65b5424b5180c7dfe72980f56a2023-11-22T08:11:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-08-011016365810.3390/jcm10163658Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future PerspectiveSimon Langener0Joanne Van Der Nagel1Jeannette van Manen2Wiebren Markus3Boukje Dijkstra4Laura De Fuentes-Merillas5Randy Klaassen6Janika Heitmann7Dirk Heylen8Arnt Schellekens9Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The NetherlandsHuman Media Interaction, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The NetherlandsTactus Addiction Centre, 7418 ET Deventer, The NetherlandsNijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The NetherlandsNijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The NetherlandsNijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The NetherlandsHuman Media Interaction, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The NetherlandsNijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The NetherlandsHuman Media Interaction, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The NetherlandsNijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The Netherlands(1) Background: Virtual reality (VR) has been investigated in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including addictive disorders (ADs); (2) Objective: This systematic review evaluates the current evidence of immersive VR (using head-mounted displays) in the clinical assessment and treatment of ADs; (3) Method: PubMed and PsycINFO were queried for publications up to November 2020; (4) Results: We screened 4519 titles, 114 abstracts and 85 full-texts, and analyzed 36 articles regarding the clinical assessment (i.e., diagnostic and prognostic value; <i>n</i> = 19) and treatment (i.e., interventions; <i>n</i> = 17) of ADs. Though most VR assessment studies (<i>n</i> = 15/19) showed associations between VR-induced cue-reactivity and clinical parameters, only two studies specified diagnostic value. VR treatment studies based on exposure therapy showed no or negative effects. However, other VR interventions like embodied and aversive learning paradigms demonstrated positive findings. The overall study quality was rather poor; (5) Conclusion: Though VR in ADs provides ecologically valid environments to induce cue-reactivity and provide new treatment paradigms, the added clinical value in assessment and therapy remains to be elucidated before VR can be applied in clinical care. Therefore, future work should investigate VR efficacy in randomized clinical trials using well-defined clinical endpoints.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/16/3658virtual realitysystematic reviewaddictionassessmenttreatmentcue-reactivity |
| spellingShingle | Simon Langener Joanne Van Der Nagel Jeannette van Manen Wiebren Markus Boukje Dijkstra Laura De Fuentes-Merillas Randy Klaassen Janika Heitmann Dirk Heylen Arnt Schellekens Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective Journal of Clinical Medicine virtual reality systematic review addiction assessment treatment cue-reactivity |
| title | Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective |
| title_full | Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective |
| title_short | Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective |
| title_sort | clinical relevance of immersive virtual reality in the assessment and treatment of addictive disorders a systematic review and future perspective |
| topic | virtual reality systematic review addiction assessment treatment cue-reactivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/16/3658 |
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