Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China
<i>Bartonella</i> species has been validated as blood-borne bacteria in mammals and has a substantial opportunity to be harbored by a variety of hematophagous arthropod vectors. Bats, along with their ectoparasites, are recognized worldwide as one of the natural reservoir hosts for these...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/11/1283 |
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| author | Guopeng Kuang Jing Zhang Weihong Yang Hong Pan Xi Han Lifen Yang Juan Wang Tian Yang Zhizhong Song Yun Feng Guodong Liang |
| author_facet | Guopeng Kuang Jing Zhang Weihong Yang Hong Pan Xi Han Lifen Yang Juan Wang Tian Yang Zhizhong Song Yun Feng Guodong Liang |
| author_sort | Guopeng Kuang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Bartonella</i> species has been validated as blood-borne bacteria in mammals and has a substantial opportunity to be harbored by a variety of hematophagous arthropod vectors. Bats, along with their ectoparasites, are recognized worldwide as one of the natural reservoir hosts for these bacteria. However, there have been few investigations of <i>Bartonella</i> bacteria toward a broad range of obligated bat ectoparasites in China. Here, molecular detection of <i>Bartonella</i> species was performed to survey the infection among bat ectoparasites and follow-up phylogenetic analyses to further characterize the evolutionary relationships of the genus. A total of 434 bat ectoparasites involving four types of arthropods, namely, bat mites, bat tick, bat fleas, and bat flies (further divided into traditionally fly-like bat flies and wingless bat flies) were collected in 10 trapping sites in Yunnan Province, southwestern China. <i>Bartonella</i> was detected by PCR amplification and sequencing through four gene target fragments (<i>gltA</i>, <i>ftsZ</i>, <i>rpoB</i>, and ITS). Accordingly, diverse <i>Bartonella</i> species were discovered, including both the validated species and the novel genotypes, which were characterized into several geographical regions with high prevalence. Phylogenetic analyses based on <i>gltA</i> and multi-locus concatenated sequences both demonstrated strong phylogeny–trait associations of <i>Bartonella</i> species from bats and their parasitic arthropods, suggesting the occurrence of host switches and emphasizing the potential connecting vector role of these ectoparasites. Nevertheless, the maintenance and transmission of <i>Bartonella</i> in both bat and hemoparasite populations have not been fully understood, as well as the risk of spillage to humans, which warrants in-depth experimental studies focusing on these mammals and their ectoparasites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:45:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57de0600f0ed4b739fce7cf3fd345c9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:45:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-57de0600f0ed4b739fce7cf3fd345c9d2023-11-24T06:17:05ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-11-011111128310.3390/pathogens11111283Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, ChinaGuopeng Kuang0Jing Zhang1Weihong Yang2Hong Pan3Xi Han4Lifen Yang5Juan Wang6Tian Yang7Zhizhong Song8Yun Feng9Guodong Liang10Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Dali University, Dali 671000, ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China<i>Bartonella</i> species has been validated as blood-borne bacteria in mammals and has a substantial opportunity to be harbored by a variety of hematophagous arthropod vectors. Bats, along with their ectoparasites, are recognized worldwide as one of the natural reservoir hosts for these bacteria. However, there have been few investigations of <i>Bartonella</i> bacteria toward a broad range of obligated bat ectoparasites in China. Here, molecular detection of <i>Bartonella</i> species was performed to survey the infection among bat ectoparasites and follow-up phylogenetic analyses to further characterize the evolutionary relationships of the genus. A total of 434 bat ectoparasites involving four types of arthropods, namely, bat mites, bat tick, bat fleas, and bat flies (further divided into traditionally fly-like bat flies and wingless bat flies) were collected in 10 trapping sites in Yunnan Province, southwestern China. <i>Bartonella</i> was detected by PCR amplification and sequencing through four gene target fragments (<i>gltA</i>, <i>ftsZ</i>, <i>rpoB</i>, and ITS). Accordingly, diverse <i>Bartonella</i> species were discovered, including both the validated species and the novel genotypes, which were characterized into several geographical regions with high prevalence. Phylogenetic analyses based on <i>gltA</i> and multi-locus concatenated sequences both demonstrated strong phylogeny–trait associations of <i>Bartonella</i> species from bats and their parasitic arthropods, suggesting the occurrence of host switches and emphasizing the potential connecting vector role of these ectoparasites. Nevertheless, the maintenance and transmission of <i>Bartonella</i> in both bat and hemoparasite populations have not been fully understood, as well as the risk of spillage to humans, which warrants in-depth experimental studies focusing on these mammals and their ectoparasites.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/11/1283<i>Bartonella</i>batectoparasitephylogenyvector potentialhost switch |
| spellingShingle | Guopeng Kuang Jing Zhang Weihong Yang Hong Pan Xi Han Lifen Yang Juan Wang Tian Yang Zhizhong Song Yun Feng Guodong Liang Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China Pathogens <i>Bartonella</i> bat ectoparasite phylogeny vector potential host switch |
| title | Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China |
| title_full | Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China |
| title_short | Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Diverse <i>Bartonella</i> Species in Bat Ectoparasites Collected from Yunnan Province, China |
| title_sort | molecular detection and phylogenetic analyses of diverse i bartonella i species in bat ectoparasites collected from yunnan province china |
| topic | <i>Bartonella</i> bat ectoparasite phylogeny vector potential host switch |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/11/1283 |
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