Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected socially disadvantaged groups; however, the association between socioeconomic status and healthcare utilization among COVID-19 patients remains unclear. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29392 |
| _version_ | 1828073513484812288 |
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| author | Yang-Jie Zhu Kang Tang Fang-Jie Zhao Bo-Yang Yu Tong-Tong Liu Lu-Lu Zhang |
| author_facet | Yang-Jie Zhu Kang Tang Fang-Jie Zhao Bo-Yang Yu Tong-Tong Liu Lu-Lu Zhang |
| author_sort | Yang-Jie Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected socially disadvantaged groups; however, the association between socioeconomic status and healthcare utilization among COVID-19 patients remains unclear. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between socioeconomic status and hospitalization and intensive care unit admission among COVID-19 patients.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant literature (updated to Jun 2022). Studies that investigated the association of social deprivation with hospitalization and intensive care unit admission in COVID-19 patients were included. The primary outcomes included risk of hospitalization and intensive care unit admission, measured by odds ratio.
Results: Eleven studies covering 2,423,095 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Socially disadvantaged patients had higher odds of hospitalization in comparison to socially advantaged patients (odds ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.14 to 1.38; P<0.01). The odds of intensive care unit admission among more deprived patients was not significantly different from that of less deprived patients (odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.78 to 1.35; P=0.85). These findings were proven robust through subgroup and sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion: Socially disadvantaged populations have higher odds of hospitalization if they become infected with COVID-19. More effective medical support and interventions for these vulnerable populations are required to reduce inequity in healthcare utilization and alleviate the burden on healthcare systems.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:29:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57eb4e0c18074d4a99866de0ff2f368e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2251-6085 2251-6093 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:29:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-57eb4e0c18074d4a99866de0ff2f368e2023-01-03T09:57:01ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Public Health2251-60852251-60932022-11-01511110.18502/ijph.v51i11.11163Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisYang-Jie Zhu0Kang Tang1Fang-Jie Zhao2Bo-Yang Yu3Tong-Tong Liu4Lu-Lu Zhang5Department of Military Health Management, College of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaDepartment of Military Health Management, College of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaDepartment of Military Health Management, College of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China1. Department of Military Health Management, College of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China 2. Department of Medical Health Service, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of PLA, Shenyang 110016, China1. Department of Military Health Management, College of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China 2. Department of Medical Health Service, 969th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Forces, Hohhot 010051, ChinaDepartment of Military Health Management, College of Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected socially disadvantaged groups; however, the association between socioeconomic status and healthcare utilization among COVID-19 patients remains unclear. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between socioeconomic status and hospitalization and intensive care unit admission among COVID-19 patients. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant literature (updated to Jun 2022). Studies that investigated the association of social deprivation with hospitalization and intensive care unit admission in COVID-19 patients were included. The primary outcomes included risk of hospitalization and intensive care unit admission, measured by odds ratio. Results: Eleven studies covering 2,423,095 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Socially disadvantaged patients had higher odds of hospitalization in comparison to socially advantaged patients (odds ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.14 to 1.38; P<0.01). The odds of intensive care unit admission among more deprived patients was not significantly different from that of less deprived patients (odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.78 to 1.35; P=0.85). These findings were proven robust through subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Socially disadvantaged populations have higher odds of hospitalization if they become infected with COVID-19. More effective medical support and interventions for these vulnerable populations are required to reduce inequity in healthcare utilization and alleviate the burden on healthcare systems. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29392COVID-19Socioeconomic statusSocial deprivationHealthcare utilizationMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Yang-Jie Zhu Kang Tang Fang-Jie Zhao Bo-Yang Yu Tong-Tong Liu Lu-Lu Zhang Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Iranian Journal of Public Health COVID-19 Socioeconomic status Social deprivation Healthcare utilization Meta-analysis |
| title | Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Impact of Social Deprivation on Hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit Admission among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | impact of social deprivation on hospitalization and intensive care unit admission among covid 19 patients a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | COVID-19 Socioeconomic status Social deprivation Healthcare utilization Meta-analysis |
| url | https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29392 |
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