Classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational study
Abstract Background The structural features have an impact on the surgical prognosis for congenital corneal opacity (CCO). The structural classification system of CCO, however, is lacking. Based on data from ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) findings in infants and toddlers with CCO, this research prop...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03286-z |
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| author | Jing Hong Zijun Xie Xin Wang Ting Yu Siyi Ma Hanzhi Ben Shao-feng Gu |
| author_facet | Jing Hong Zijun Xie Xin Wang Ting Yu Siyi Ma Hanzhi Ben Shao-feng Gu |
| author_sort | Jing Hong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The structural features have an impact on the surgical prognosis for congenital corneal opacity (CCO). The structural classification system of CCO, however, is lacking. Based on data from ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) findings in infants and toddlers with CCO, this research proposed a classification system for the anterior segment structure severity. Methods Medical records, preoperative UBM images and slit-lamp photographs of infants and toddlers diagnosed with CCO at University Third Hospital between December 2018 and June 2022 were reviewed. According to the anterior segment structural features observed in UBM images, eyes were classified as follows: U1, opaque cornea only; U2, central anterior synechia; U3, peripheral anterior synechia combined with angle closure; and U4, aniridia or lens anomaly. The opacity appearance and corneal vascularization density observed in slit-lamp photographs were assigned grades according to previous studies. The extent of vascularization was also recorded. The corresponding intraocular anomaly classifications and ocular surface lesion severity were analysed. Results Among 81 eyes (65 patients), 41 (50.6%) were right eyes, and 40 (49.4%) were left eyes. The median age at examination was 6.91 months (n = 81, 1.00, 34.00). Two (2.5%) of the 81 eyes were classified as U1, 20 (24.7%) as U2, 22 (27.2%) as U3a, 11 (13.6%) as U3b and 26 (32.1%) as U4. Bilateral CCO eyes had more severe UBM classifications (P = 0.019), more severe dysgenesis (P = 0.012) and a larger angle closure (P = 0.009). Eyes with more severe UBM classifications had higher opacity grades (P = 0.003) and vascularization grades (P = 0.014) and a larger vascularization extent (P = 0.001). Eyes with dysgenesis had higher haze grades (P = 0.012) and more severe vascularization (P = 0.003 for density; P = 0.008 for extent), while the angle closure range was related to haze grade (P = 0.013) and vascularization extent (P = 0.003). Conclusions This classification method based on UBM and slit-lamp photography findings in the eyes of CCO infants and toddlers can truly reflect the degree of abnormality of the ocular surface and anterior segment and is correlated with the severity of ocular surface anomalies. This method might provide meaningful guidance for surgical procedure design and prognostic determinations for keratoplasty in CCO eyes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:31:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57f19ecb2b6541ea9ba54f04e636c1e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2415 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:31:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-57f19ecb2b6541ea9ba54f04e636c1e02024-03-05T16:23:27ZengBMCBMC Ophthalmology1471-24152024-01-012411810.1186/s12886-024-03286-zClassifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational studyJing Hong0Zijun Xie1Xin Wang2Ting Yu3Siyi Ma4Hanzhi Ben5Shao-feng Gu6Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third HospitalAbstract Background The structural features have an impact on the surgical prognosis for congenital corneal opacity (CCO). The structural classification system of CCO, however, is lacking. Based on data from ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) findings in infants and toddlers with CCO, this research proposed a classification system for the anterior segment structure severity. Methods Medical records, preoperative UBM images and slit-lamp photographs of infants and toddlers diagnosed with CCO at University Third Hospital between December 2018 and June 2022 were reviewed. According to the anterior segment structural features observed in UBM images, eyes were classified as follows: U1, opaque cornea only; U2, central anterior synechia; U3, peripheral anterior synechia combined with angle closure; and U4, aniridia or lens anomaly. The opacity appearance and corneal vascularization density observed in slit-lamp photographs were assigned grades according to previous studies. The extent of vascularization was also recorded. The corresponding intraocular anomaly classifications and ocular surface lesion severity were analysed. Results Among 81 eyes (65 patients), 41 (50.6%) were right eyes, and 40 (49.4%) were left eyes. The median age at examination was 6.91 months (n = 81, 1.00, 34.00). Two (2.5%) of the 81 eyes were classified as U1, 20 (24.7%) as U2, 22 (27.2%) as U3a, 11 (13.6%) as U3b and 26 (32.1%) as U4. Bilateral CCO eyes had more severe UBM classifications (P = 0.019), more severe dysgenesis (P = 0.012) and a larger angle closure (P = 0.009). Eyes with more severe UBM classifications had higher opacity grades (P = 0.003) and vascularization grades (P = 0.014) and a larger vascularization extent (P = 0.001). Eyes with dysgenesis had higher haze grades (P = 0.012) and more severe vascularization (P = 0.003 for density; P = 0.008 for extent), while the angle closure range was related to haze grade (P = 0.013) and vascularization extent (P = 0.003). Conclusions This classification method based on UBM and slit-lamp photography findings in the eyes of CCO infants and toddlers can truly reflect the degree of abnormality of the ocular surface and anterior segment and is correlated with the severity of ocular surface anomalies. This method might provide meaningful guidance for surgical procedure design and prognostic determinations for keratoplasty in CCO eyes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03286-zCorneal opacityCornea diseasesCongenital abnormalitiesUltrasound Biomicroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Jing Hong Zijun Xie Xin Wang Ting Yu Siyi Ma Hanzhi Ben Shao-feng Gu Classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational study BMC Ophthalmology Corneal opacity Cornea diseases Congenital abnormalities Ultrasound Biomicroscopy |
| title | Classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational study |
| title_full | Classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational study |
| title_fullStr | Classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational study |
| title_short | Classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit-lamp microscopic photographs: an observational study |
| title_sort | classifications of anterior segment structure of congenital corneal opacity in infants and toddlers by ultrasound biomicroscopy and slit lamp microscopic photographs an observational study |
| topic | Corneal opacity Cornea diseases Congenital abnormalities Ultrasound Biomicroscopy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03286-z |
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