Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case
The impact of the Coriolis force on the long distance wake behind wind farms is investigated using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) combined with a Forced Boundary Layer (FBL) technique. When using the FBL technique any mean wind shear and turbulent fluctuations can be added with body forces. The wind s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/5/922 |
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| author | Ola Eriksson Simon-Philippe Breton Karl Nilsson Stefan Ivanell |
| author_facet | Ola Eriksson Simon-Philippe Breton Karl Nilsson Stefan Ivanell |
| author_sort | Ola Eriksson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The impact of the Coriolis force on the long distance wake behind wind farms is investigated using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) combined with a Forced Boundary Layer (FBL) technique. When using the FBL technique any mean wind shear and turbulent fluctuations can be added with body forces. The wind shear can also include the mean wind veer due to the Coriolis force. The variation of the Coriolis force due to local deviations from the mean profile, e.g., from wakes, is not taken into account in the FBL. This can be corrected for with an extra source term in the equations, hereon defined as the Coriolis correction. For a row of 4 turbines it is shown that the inclusion of the wind veer turns the wake to the right, while including the Coriolis correction turns it to the left. When including both wind veer and Coriolis correction the impact of wind veer dominates. For an idealized farm to farm interaction case, two farms of 4 ∗ 4 turbines with 6 km in between, it can be seen that when including wind veer and the Coriolis correction a approximately 3% increase in the relative production for a full wake direction can be seen and only a slightly smaller increase can be seen when including only wind veer. The results indicate that FBL can be used for studies of long distance wakes without including a Coriolis correction but efforts need to be taken to use a wind shear with a correct mean wind veer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:22:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-57f44967f1ba492bb1bca0e925dbece1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:22:52Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-57f44967f1ba492bb1bca0e925dbece12022-12-21T18:54:30ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172019-03-019592210.3390/app9050922app9050922Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction CaseOla Eriksson0Simon-Philippe Breton1Karl Nilsson2Stefan Ivanell3Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Wind Energy Campus Gotland, 621 67 Visby, SwedenDepartment of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Wind Energy Campus Gotland, 621 67 Visby, SwedenDepartment of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Wind Energy Campus Gotland, 621 67 Visby, SwedenDepartment of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Wind Energy Campus Gotland, 621 67 Visby, SwedenThe impact of the Coriolis force on the long distance wake behind wind farms is investigated using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) combined with a Forced Boundary Layer (FBL) technique. When using the FBL technique any mean wind shear and turbulent fluctuations can be added with body forces. The wind shear can also include the mean wind veer due to the Coriolis force. The variation of the Coriolis force due to local deviations from the mean profile, e.g., from wakes, is not taken into account in the FBL. This can be corrected for with an extra source term in the equations, hereon defined as the Coriolis correction. For a row of 4 turbines it is shown that the inclusion of the wind veer turns the wake to the right, while including the Coriolis correction turns it to the left. When including both wind veer and Coriolis correction the impact of wind veer dominates. For an idealized farm to farm interaction case, two farms of 4 ∗ 4 turbines with 6 km in between, it can be seen that when including wind veer and the Coriolis correction a approximately 3% increase in the relative production for a full wake direction can be seen and only a slightly smaller increase can be seen when including only wind veer. The results indicate that FBL can be used for studies of long distance wakes without including a Coriolis correction but efforts need to be taken to use a wind shear with a correct mean wind veer.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/5/922long distance wakefarm to farm interactionwind farm clusterlarge Eddy simulationsLESactuator discACDforced boundary layerFBLcorioliswind veer |
| spellingShingle | Ola Eriksson Simon-Philippe Breton Karl Nilsson Stefan Ivanell Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case Applied Sciences long distance wake farm to farm interaction wind farm cluster large Eddy simulations LES actuator disc ACD forced boundary layer FBL coriolis wind veer |
| title | Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case |
| title_full | Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case |
| title_short | Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case |
| title_sort | impact of wind veer and the coriolis force for an idealized farm to farm interaction case |
| topic | long distance wake farm to farm interaction wind farm cluster large Eddy simulations LES actuator disc ACD forced boundary layer FBL coriolis wind veer |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/5/922 |
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