Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) Technique
Dynamic laser speckle (DLS) analysis is a very sensitive technique to measure biological activity within samples. In agriculture, the technique is applied to monitor seed germination, but external light, water content, and pigments affect the measurements. DLS systems use visible light sources, typi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/546 |
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| author | Ellem W. N. Contado Moacir Pasqual Joyce Dória Rolando J. Gonzalez-Peña Lionel X. Dupuy Roberto A. Braga |
| author_facet | Ellem W. N. Contado Moacir Pasqual Joyce Dória Rolando J. Gonzalez-Peña Lionel X. Dupuy Roberto A. Braga |
| author_sort | Ellem W. N. Contado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dynamic laser speckle (DLS) analysis is a very sensitive technique to measure biological activity within samples. In agriculture, the technique is applied to monitor seed germination, but external light, water content, and pigments affect the measurements. DLS systems use visible light sources, typically red lasers, which may exacerbate their influences. The main objective of this work is to assess whether infrared (IR) lasers improve the robustness of DLS measurements in seed germination applications. We develop a system where DLS analysis can be performed simultaneously on visible and IR light. Using the system, we quantify how the DLS signal is affected by pigments and scattering. The results show that the use of IR light reduces the variability of the measurements acquired. DLS systems based on IR light appear to be less sensitive to pigments, and the greater penetration of IR light into samples, which is due to reduced scattering, may contribute to the signal collected being correlated to relevant biological processes within the inner tissue. Additionally, water activity provides less influence on the DLS signal when an IR laser is used. These findings support the wider use of IR lasers in DLS-based instruments for applications in biological samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5811f77ba1924cec929f954c1de0c10a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-5811f77ba1924cec929f954c1de0c10a2023-11-17T08:59:58ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-02-0113354610.3390/agriculture13030546Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) TechniqueEllem W. N. Contado0Moacir Pasqual1Joyce Dória2Rolando J. Gonzalez-Peña3Lionel X. Dupuy4Roberto A. Braga5Departament of Automatica (DAT), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37.200-000, MG, BrazilDepartament of Agriculture (DAG), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37.200-000, MG, BrazilDepartament of Agriculture (DAG), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37.200-000, MG, BrazilDepartment of Physiology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valensia, SpainIkerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, SpainDepartament of Automatica (DAT), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37.200-000, MG, BrazilDynamic laser speckle (DLS) analysis is a very sensitive technique to measure biological activity within samples. In agriculture, the technique is applied to monitor seed germination, but external light, water content, and pigments affect the measurements. DLS systems use visible light sources, typically red lasers, which may exacerbate their influences. The main objective of this work is to assess whether infrared (IR) lasers improve the robustness of DLS measurements in seed germination applications. We develop a system where DLS analysis can be performed simultaneously on visible and IR light. Using the system, we quantify how the DLS signal is affected by pigments and scattering. The results show that the use of IR light reduces the variability of the measurements acquired. DLS systems based on IR light appear to be less sensitive to pigments, and the greater penetration of IR light into samples, which is due to reduced scattering, may contribute to the signal collected being correlated to relevant biological processes within the inner tissue. Additionally, water activity provides less influence on the DLS signal when an IR laser is used. These findings support the wider use of IR lasers in DLS-based instruments for applications in biological samples.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/546speckle laserinfrared laserspeckle laser analysis<i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| spellingShingle | Ellem W. N. Contado Moacir Pasqual Joyce Dória Rolando J. Gonzalez-Peña Lionel X. Dupuy Roberto A. Braga Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) Technique Agriculture speckle laser infrared laser speckle laser analysis <i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| title | Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) Technique |
| title_full | Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) Technique |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) Technique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) Technique |
| title_short | Assessment of the Use of Infrared Laser for Dynamic Laser Speckle (DLS) Technique |
| title_sort | assessment of the use of infrared laser for dynamic laser speckle dls technique |
| topic | speckle laser infrared laser speckle laser analysis <i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/546 |
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