Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable Devices
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with a wide range of disturbances of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of the present study was to monitor the heart rate (HR) and the heart rate variability (HRV) during light physical activity in a group of adolescent girls with AN and in age-matched control...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-06-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/12/2820 |
| _version_ | 1798039188692533248 |
|---|---|
| author | Lucia Billeci Alessandro Tonacci Elena Brunori Rossella Raso Sara Calderoni Sandra Maestro Maria Aurora Morales |
| author_facet | Lucia Billeci Alessandro Tonacci Elena Brunori Rossella Raso Sara Calderoni Sandra Maestro Maria Aurora Morales |
| author_sort | Lucia Billeci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with a wide range of disturbances of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of the present study was to monitor the heart rate (HR) and the heart rate variability (HRV) during light physical activity in a group of adolescent girls with AN and in age-matched controls using a wearable, minimally obtrusive device. For the study, we enrolled a sample of 23 adolescents with AN and 17 controls. After performing a 12-lead electrocardiogram and echocardiography, we used a wearable device to record a one-lead electrocardiogram for 5 min at baseline for 5 min during light physical exercise (Task) and for 5 min during recovery. From the recording, we extracted HR and HRV indices. Among subjects with AN, the HR increased at task and decreased at recovery, whereas among controls it did not change between the test phases. HRV features showed a different trend between the two groups, with an increased low-to-high frequency ratio (LF/HF) in the AN group due to increased LF and decreased HF, differently from controls that, otherwise, slightly increased their standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). The response in the AN group during the task as compared to that of healthy adolescents suggests a possible sympathetic activation or parasympathetic withdrawal, differently from controls. This result could be related to the low energy availability associated to the excessive loss of fat and lean mass in subjects with AN, that could drive to autonomic imbalance even during light physical activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:50:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58149a4a4aa2433a80c1689d34dfd13d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:50:27Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-58149a4a4aa2433a80c1689d34dfd13d2022-12-22T04:01:16ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-06-011912282010.3390/s19122820s19122820Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable DevicesLucia Billeci0Alessandro Tonacci1Elena Brunori2Rossella Raso3Sara Calderoni4Sandra Maestro5Maria Aurora Morales6Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyIRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018 Calambrone, PI, ItalyThe BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’ Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, PI, ItalyIRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018 Calambrone, PI, ItalyIRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018 Calambrone, PI, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyAnorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with a wide range of disturbances of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of the present study was to monitor the heart rate (HR) and the heart rate variability (HRV) during light physical activity in a group of adolescent girls with AN and in age-matched controls using a wearable, minimally obtrusive device. For the study, we enrolled a sample of 23 adolescents with AN and 17 controls. After performing a 12-lead electrocardiogram and echocardiography, we used a wearable device to record a one-lead electrocardiogram for 5 min at baseline for 5 min during light physical exercise (Task) and for 5 min during recovery. From the recording, we extracted HR and HRV indices. Among subjects with AN, the HR increased at task and decreased at recovery, whereas among controls it did not change between the test phases. HRV features showed a different trend between the two groups, with an increased low-to-high frequency ratio (LF/HF) in the AN group due to increased LF and decreased HF, differently from controls that, otherwise, slightly increased their standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). The response in the AN group during the task as compared to that of healthy adolescents suggests a possible sympathetic activation or parasympathetic withdrawal, differently from controls. This result could be related to the low energy availability associated to the excessive loss of fat and lean mass in subjects with AN, that could drive to autonomic imbalance even during light physical activity.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/12/2820anorexia nervosaautonomic functioneating disordersexerciseheart rateheart rate variabilitywearablewireless technologies |
| spellingShingle | Lucia Billeci Alessandro Tonacci Elena Brunori Rossella Raso Sara Calderoni Sandra Maestro Maria Aurora Morales Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable Devices Sensors anorexia nervosa autonomic function eating disorders exercise heart rate heart rate variability wearable wireless technologies |
| title | Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable Devices |
| title_full | Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable Devices |
| title_fullStr | Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable Devices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable Devices |
| title_short | Autonomic Nervous System Response during Light Physical Activity in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Measured by Wearable Devices |
| title_sort | autonomic nervous system response during light physical activity in adolescents with anorexia nervosa measured by wearable devices |
| topic | anorexia nervosa autonomic function eating disorders exercise heart rate heart rate variability wearable wireless technologies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/12/2820 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT luciabilleci autonomicnervoussystemresponseduringlightphysicalactivityinadolescentswithanorexianervosameasuredbywearabledevices AT alessandrotonacci autonomicnervoussystemresponseduringlightphysicalactivityinadolescentswithanorexianervosameasuredbywearabledevices AT elenabrunori autonomicnervoussystemresponseduringlightphysicalactivityinadolescentswithanorexianervosameasuredbywearabledevices AT rossellaraso autonomicnervoussystemresponseduringlightphysicalactivityinadolescentswithanorexianervosameasuredbywearabledevices AT saracalderoni autonomicnervoussystemresponseduringlightphysicalactivityinadolescentswithanorexianervosameasuredbywearabledevices AT sandramaestro autonomicnervoussystemresponseduringlightphysicalactivityinadolescentswithanorexianervosameasuredbywearabledevices AT mariaauroramorales autonomicnervoussystemresponseduringlightphysicalactivityinadolescentswithanorexianervosameasuredbywearabledevices |