Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, Malawi
Antimicrobial resistance due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by Enterobacterales is a global health problem contributing to increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-constrained countries. We aimed to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-prod...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/6/4/179 |
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| author | Onduru Gervas Onduru Rajhab Sawasawa Mkakosya Susan Fred Rumisha Said Aboud |
| author_facet | Onduru Gervas Onduru Rajhab Sawasawa Mkakosya Susan Fred Rumisha Said Aboud |
| author_sort | Onduru Gervas Onduru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by Enterobacterales is a global health problem contributing to increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-constrained countries. We aimed to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) in community patients in Blantyre, Malawi. Clinical samples were collected from 300 patients and screened for ESBL-E using a CHROMagar<sup>TM</sup> ESBL medium. Confirmation of ESBL production was done by a combination disk test (CDT). The prevalence of community-acquired ESBL-E was 16.67% (50/300, 95% CI = 12.43–20.91%). The most common ESBL-E species isolated was <i>Escherichia coli</i> (66%). All ESBL-E isolates were resistant to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole except for 2% of <i>E. coli</i>. Besides this, all ESBL-E were susceptible to Imipenem and only 4% were resistant to Meropenem. No patients with a positive ESBL-E phenotype had a history of hospital admission in the last three months, and the carriage of ESBL-E was neither associated with the demographic nor the clinical characteristics of participants. Our findings reveal a low presence of ESBL-E phenotypes in community patients. The low prevalence of ESBL-E in the community settings of Blantyre can be maintained if strong infection and antimicrobial use-control strategies are implemented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:57:57Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:57:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-581a2ef87ed149c1bf2eacbb11ebe0172023-11-23T10:51:43ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662021-09-016417910.3390/tropicalmed6040179Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, MalawiOnduru Gervas Onduru0Rajhab Sawasawa Mkakosya1Susan Fred Rumisha2Said Aboud3The Africa Center of Excellence in Public Health and Herbal Medicine (ACEPHEM), Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre Private Bag 360, MalawiDepartment of Pathology, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre Private Bag 360, MalawiDirectorate of Information Technology and Communication, National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653 Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001 Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaAntimicrobial resistance due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by Enterobacterales is a global health problem contributing to increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-constrained countries. We aimed to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) in community patients in Blantyre, Malawi. Clinical samples were collected from 300 patients and screened for ESBL-E using a CHROMagar<sup>TM</sup> ESBL medium. Confirmation of ESBL production was done by a combination disk test (CDT). The prevalence of community-acquired ESBL-E was 16.67% (50/300, 95% CI = 12.43–20.91%). The most common ESBL-E species isolated was <i>Escherichia coli</i> (66%). All ESBL-E isolates were resistant to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole except for 2% of <i>E. coli</i>. Besides this, all ESBL-E were susceptible to Imipenem and only 4% were resistant to Meropenem. No patients with a positive ESBL-E phenotype had a history of hospital admission in the last three months, and the carriage of ESBL-E was neither associated with the demographic nor the clinical characteristics of participants. Our findings reveal a low presence of ESBL-E phenotypes in community patients. The low prevalence of ESBL-E in the community settings of Blantyre can be maintained if strong infection and antimicrobial use-control strategies are implemented.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/6/4/179extended-spectrum β-lactamasesESBLsEnterobacteralescommunityMalawi |
| spellingShingle | Onduru Gervas Onduru Rajhab Sawasawa Mkakosya Susan Fred Rumisha Said Aboud Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, Malawi Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease extended-spectrum β-lactamases ESBLs Enterobacterales community Malawi |
| title | Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, Malawi |
| title_full | Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, Malawi |
| title_fullStr | Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, Malawi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, Malawi |
| title_short | Carriage Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Outpatients Attending Community Health Centers in Blantyre, Malawi |
| title_sort | carriage prevalence of extended spectrum β lactamase producing enterobacterales in outpatients attending community health centers in blantyre malawi |
| topic | extended-spectrum β-lactamases ESBLs Enterobacterales community Malawi |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/6/4/179 |
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