Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo
Abstract Background Treatment of Psoroptes ovis in cattle is limited to topical acaricides or systemic treatment with macrocyclic lactones. Treatment failure of macrocyclic lactones has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate a potential alternative treatment against P. ovis. Methods Th...
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BMC
2019-08-01
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Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-019-3654-x |
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author | Zhenzhen Chen Wouter van Mol Marieke Vanhecke Luc Duchateau Edwin Claerebout |
author_facet | Zhenzhen Chen Wouter van Mol Marieke Vanhecke Luc Duchateau Edwin Claerebout |
author_sort | Zhenzhen Chen |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract Background Treatment of Psoroptes ovis in cattle is limited to topical acaricides or systemic treatment with macrocyclic lactones. Treatment failure of macrocyclic lactones has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate a potential alternative treatment against P. ovis. Methods The acaricidal activity against P. ovis of four plant-derived essential oil components, i.e. geraniol, eugenol, 1,8-cineol and carvacrol, was assessed in vitro and in vivo. In vitro contact, fumigation and residual bioassays were performed. In addition, 12 Belgium Blue cattle were artificially infested and treated topically once a week for three successive weeks with carvacrol in Tween-80 (treatment group) or with Tween-80 alone (control). The efficacy of carvacrol was determined by the reduction in lesion size and mite counts. Six additional animals were topically treated with carvacrol to assess local adverse reactions. Results Three components showed a concentration-dependent acaricidal activity in a contact assay, with LC50 of 0.56, 0.38 and 0.26% at 24 h for geraniol, eugenol, and carvacrol, respectively. However, 1,8-cineol showed no activity at any of the tested concentrations in a contact bioassay. In a fumigation bioassay, carvacrol killed all mites within 50 min after treatment, whereas geraniol, eugenol and 1,8-cineol needed 90 to 150 min. Following a 72 h incubation period in a residual bioassay, carvacrol killed all mites after 4 h of exposure to LC90, while geraniol and eugenol killed all mites only after 8 h exposure. Based on these results, carvacrol was further assessed in vivo. Mite counts in the treatment group were reduced by 98.5 ± 2.4% at 6 weeks post-treatment, while in the control group the mite population had increased. Topical application of carvacrol only caused mild and transient erythema 20 min after treatment. No other side effects were observed. Conclusions Considering the strong acaricidal activity of carvacrol in vitro and in vivo and the mild and transient local side effects, carvacrol shows potential as an acaricidal agent in the treatment of P. ovis in cattle. |
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issn | 1756-3305 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:21:18Z |
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spelling | doaj.art-581aa7b588994d398f6fdc0627dac87e2022-12-22T01:19:41ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052019-08-0112111110.1186/s13071-019-3654-xAcaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivoZhenzhen Chen0Wouter van Mol1Marieke Vanhecke2Luc Duchateau3Edwin Claerebout4Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent UniversityLaboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent UniversityLaboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent UniversityBiometrics Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent UniversityLaboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent UniversityAbstract Background Treatment of Psoroptes ovis in cattle is limited to topical acaricides or systemic treatment with macrocyclic lactones. Treatment failure of macrocyclic lactones has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate a potential alternative treatment against P. ovis. Methods The acaricidal activity against P. ovis of four plant-derived essential oil components, i.e. geraniol, eugenol, 1,8-cineol and carvacrol, was assessed in vitro and in vivo. In vitro contact, fumigation and residual bioassays were performed. In addition, 12 Belgium Blue cattle were artificially infested and treated topically once a week for three successive weeks with carvacrol in Tween-80 (treatment group) or with Tween-80 alone (control). The efficacy of carvacrol was determined by the reduction in lesion size and mite counts. Six additional animals were topically treated with carvacrol to assess local adverse reactions. Results Three components showed a concentration-dependent acaricidal activity in a contact assay, with LC50 of 0.56, 0.38 and 0.26% at 24 h for geraniol, eugenol, and carvacrol, respectively. However, 1,8-cineol showed no activity at any of the tested concentrations in a contact bioassay. In a fumigation bioassay, carvacrol killed all mites within 50 min after treatment, whereas geraniol, eugenol and 1,8-cineol needed 90 to 150 min. Following a 72 h incubation period in a residual bioassay, carvacrol killed all mites after 4 h of exposure to LC90, while geraniol and eugenol killed all mites only after 8 h exposure. Based on these results, carvacrol was further assessed in vivo. Mite counts in the treatment group were reduced by 98.5 ± 2.4% at 6 weeks post-treatment, while in the control group the mite population had increased. Topical application of carvacrol only caused mild and transient erythema 20 min after treatment. No other side effects were observed. Conclusions Considering the strong acaricidal activity of carvacrol in vitro and in vivo and the mild and transient local side effects, carvacrol shows potential as an acaricidal agent in the treatment of P. ovis in cattle.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-019-3654-xPsoroptes ovisCattleAcaricideEssential oilsIn vitroIn vivo |
spellingShingle | Zhenzhen Chen Wouter van Mol Marieke Vanhecke Luc Duchateau Edwin Claerebout Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo Parasites & Vectors Psoroptes ovis Cattle Acaricide Essential oils In vitro In vivo |
title | Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo |
title_full | Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo |
title_fullStr | Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo |
title_full_unstemmed | Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo |
title_short | Acaricidal activity of plant-derived essential oil components against Psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo |
title_sort | acaricidal activity of plant derived essential oil components against psoroptes ovis in vitro and in vivo |
topic | Psoroptes ovis Cattle Acaricide Essential oils In vitro In vivo |
url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-019-3654-x |
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