| Summary: | Species of genus <i>Aelia</i> are important pests of wheat crops in arid areas. In this study, the mitogenomes of <i>A. sibirica</i> and <i>A. fieberi</i> were sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. The mitochondrial genome characteristics of both <i>Aelia</i> species were compared and analyzed, and the phylogenetic relationships of Pentatomidae were constructed based on protein-coding genes. In addition, the taxonomic status of the genus <i>Aelia</i> was confirmed. The results showed that the total length of the mitogenome sequences of <i>A. sibirica</i> and <i>A. fieberi</i> were 15,372 bp and 15,450 bp, respectively, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region. By comparing the mitochondrial genome structure, base composition, codon usage, RNA secondary structure, and other characteristics, it was found that the mitochondrial genome characteristics of the two species were similar. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Phyllocephalinae and Asopinae both formed monophyletic groups, but the relationship between Podopinae and Pentatominae was not resolved. Within the subfamily Pentatominae, (Nezarini + Antestiini), (Aeliini + Carpocorini), and (Strachiini + <i>Pentatoma</i>) formed stable clades. <i>Aelia sibirica</i> and <i>A. fieberi</i> were found to be a stable sibling pair, and the clade was closely related to <i>Dolycoris baccarum</i>.
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