Differential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression
Abstract Background Previous work has examined the association of aggression levels and callous-unemotional traits with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression. Less work has examined the outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression of ado...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-022-00466-x |
| _version_ | 1811324489736126464 |
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| author | J. Elowsky S. Bajaj J. Bashford-Largo R. Zhang A. Mathur A. Schwartz M. Dobbertin K. S. Blair E. Leibenluft D. Pardini R. J. R. Blair |
| author_facet | J. Elowsky S. Bajaj J. Bashford-Largo R. Zhang A. Mathur A. Schwartz M. Dobbertin K. S. Blair E. Leibenluft D. Pardini R. J. R. Blair |
| author_sort | J. Elowsky |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Previous work has examined the association of aggression levels and callous-unemotional traits with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression. Less work has examined the outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression of adolescents with Conduct Disorder (CD). Also, no studies have examined links between irritability (a second socio-affective trait associated with CD) and these social cognitive processes despite the core function of anger in retaliatory aggression and establishing dominance. Method The current study, investigating these issues, involved 193 adolescents (typically developing [TD; N = 106], 87 cases with CD [N = 87]). Participants completed an adaptation of the Outcomes Expectations and Values Questionnaire and were assessed for CU traits and irritability via the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional traits and the Affective Reactivity Index. Results While CD was associated with atypical outcome expectations this was not seen within statistical models including CU traits and irritability. CU traits were associated with decreased expectation that aggression would result in feelings of remorse and victim suffering, as well as decreased concern that aggressive acts would result in punishment and victim suffering. Irritability was associated with increased expectations and concern that aggression would result in dominance and forced respect. Conclusions The results suggest that CU traits and irritability, often present in youth with CD, are associated with different forms of maladaptive outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression. This suggests that the atypical social cognitive processes underlying aggressive behavior among youth exhibiting CU traits may differ from those exhibiting problems regulating anger. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:15:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5821c0de3a0e428794c38889d9ac2ff8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1753-2000 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:15:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-5821c0de3a0e428794c38889d9ac2ff82022-12-22T02:43:39ZengBMCChild and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health1753-20002022-05-0116111110.1186/s13034-022-00466-xDifferential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggressionJ. Elowsky0S. Bajaj1J. Bashford-Largo2R. Zhang3A. Mathur4A. Schwartz5M. Dobbertin6K. S. Blair7E. Leibenluft8D. Pardini9R. J. R. Blair10Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research HospitalCenter for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research HospitalCenter for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research HospitalCenter for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research HospitalCenter for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital3Department of Psychology, University of North DakotaCenter for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research HospitalCenter for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research HospitalSection on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of HealthSchool of Criminology & Criminal Justice, Arizona State UniversityCenter for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research HospitalAbstract Background Previous work has examined the association of aggression levels and callous-unemotional traits with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression. Less work has examined the outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression of adolescents with Conduct Disorder (CD). Also, no studies have examined links between irritability (a second socio-affective trait associated with CD) and these social cognitive processes despite the core function of anger in retaliatory aggression and establishing dominance. Method The current study, investigating these issues, involved 193 adolescents (typically developing [TD; N = 106], 87 cases with CD [N = 87]). Participants completed an adaptation of the Outcomes Expectations and Values Questionnaire and were assessed for CU traits and irritability via the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional traits and the Affective Reactivity Index. Results While CD was associated with atypical outcome expectations this was not seen within statistical models including CU traits and irritability. CU traits were associated with decreased expectation that aggression would result in feelings of remorse and victim suffering, as well as decreased concern that aggressive acts would result in punishment and victim suffering. Irritability was associated with increased expectations and concern that aggression would result in dominance and forced respect. Conclusions The results suggest that CU traits and irritability, often present in youth with CD, are associated with different forms of maladaptive outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression. This suggests that the atypical social cognitive processes underlying aggressive behavior among youth exhibiting CU traits may differ from those exhibiting problems regulating anger.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-022-00466-xConduct disorderExpectations of outcomes of aggressive actsCallous-unemotional traitsIrritability |
| spellingShingle | J. Elowsky S. Bajaj J. Bashford-Largo R. Zhang A. Mathur A. Schwartz M. Dobbertin K. S. Blair E. Leibenluft D. Pardini R. J. R. Blair Differential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health Conduct disorder Expectations of outcomes of aggressive acts Callous-unemotional traits Irritability |
| title | Differential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression |
| title_full | Differential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression |
| title_fullStr | Differential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression |
| title_short | Differential associations of conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression |
| title_sort | differential associations of conduct disorder callous unemotional traits and irritability with outcome expectations and values regarding the consequences of aggression |
| topic | Conduct disorder Expectations of outcomes of aggressive acts Callous-unemotional traits Irritability |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-022-00466-x |
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