Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic Cultures
Effects of corn steep liquor (organic fertilizer, OF) and conventional chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth and yield of bok choy (<i>Brassica rapa</i> var. <i>chinensis</i>) in summer and autumn hydroponic growing systems were compared. When OF and CF were applied with the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/491 |
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| author | Kazuki Kano Hiroaki Kitazawa Keitaro Suzuki Ani Widiastuti Hiromitsu Odani Songying Zhou Yufita Dwi Chinta Yumi Eguchi Makoto Shinohara Tatsuo Sato |
| author_facet | Kazuki Kano Hiroaki Kitazawa Keitaro Suzuki Ani Widiastuti Hiromitsu Odani Songying Zhou Yufita Dwi Chinta Yumi Eguchi Makoto Shinohara Tatsuo Sato |
| author_sort | Kazuki Kano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Effects of corn steep liquor (organic fertilizer, OF) and conventional chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth and yield of bok choy (<i>Brassica rapa</i> var. <i>chinensis</i>) in summer and autumn hydroponic growing systems were compared. When OF and CF were applied with the same amount of total nitrogen in summer cultivation, there was no significant difference between yields; however, the growth rate in OF was slower than in CF. When OF was applied with twice the amount of nitrogen in CF (OF2), bok choy growth and yield were significantly inhibited in summer cultivation, likely owing to dissolved oxygen deficiency and different rates of nitrification and nitrogen absorbance by the plant root. Although the contents of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in bok choy showed no difference among the three treatments in both cultivation seasons, the carbon/nitrogen ratio tended to be higher in OF and OF2 than in CF. Lower nitric acid and higher ascorbic acid content was found in OF and OF2 than in CF. Overall, our results suggest that a comparable yield is expected by using the same nitrogen amount with a conventional recipe of chemical fertilization in autumn cultivation. However, further improvement of hydroponic management is needed in summer cultivation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:14:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5827e3856b9d4e4f9d39844d6f7ab425 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:14:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-5827e3856b9d4e4f9d39844d6f7ab4252023-12-03T12:46:41ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-03-0111349110.3390/agronomy11030491Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic CulturesKazuki Kano0Hiroaki Kitazawa1Keitaro Suzuki2Ani Widiastuti3Hiromitsu Odani4Songying Zhou5Yufita Dwi Chinta6Yumi Eguchi7Makoto Shinohara8Tatsuo Sato9Center for International Field Agriculture Research and Education, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami 4668-1, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0331, JapanDivision of Food Processing and Distribution Research, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, JapanDivision of Rice Research, Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Environmental Science, Faculty of Human Environment, University of Human Environments, Kamisanbonmatsu 6-2, Motojuku, Aichi 444-3505, JapanCenter for International Field Agriculture Research and Education, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami 4668-1, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0331, JapanBiosphere Science Division, Agro-ecosystem Course, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo Kita 11 Nishi 10, Hokkaido 060-0811, JapanCenter for International Field Agriculture Research and Education, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami 4668-1, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0331, JapanDivision of Vegetable Pest Management and Functional Analysis, Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 360, Kusawa, Ano, Tsu, Mie 514-2392, JapanCenter for International Field Agriculture Research and Education, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami 4668-1, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0331, JapanEffects of corn steep liquor (organic fertilizer, OF) and conventional chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth and yield of bok choy (<i>Brassica rapa</i> var. <i>chinensis</i>) in summer and autumn hydroponic growing systems were compared. When OF and CF were applied with the same amount of total nitrogen in summer cultivation, there was no significant difference between yields; however, the growth rate in OF was slower than in CF. When OF was applied with twice the amount of nitrogen in CF (OF2), bok choy growth and yield were significantly inhibited in summer cultivation, likely owing to dissolved oxygen deficiency and different rates of nitrification and nitrogen absorbance by the plant root. Although the contents of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in bok choy showed no difference among the three treatments in both cultivation seasons, the carbon/nitrogen ratio tended to be higher in OF and OF2 than in CF. Lower nitric acid and higher ascorbic acid content was found in OF and OF2 than in CF. Overall, our results suggest that a comparable yield is expected by using the same nitrogen amount with a conventional recipe of chemical fertilization in autumn cultivation. However, further improvement of hydroponic management is needed in summer cultivation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/491multiple parallel mineralization techniquecorn steep liquorroot surface biofilmamino acidsnitric ion |
| spellingShingle | Kazuki Kano Hiroaki Kitazawa Keitaro Suzuki Ani Widiastuti Hiromitsu Odani Songying Zhou Yufita Dwi Chinta Yumi Eguchi Makoto Shinohara Tatsuo Sato Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic Cultures Agronomy multiple parallel mineralization technique corn steep liquor root surface biofilm amino acids nitric ion |
| title | Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic Cultures |
| title_full | Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic Cultures |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic Cultures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic Cultures |
| title_short | Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Bok Choy Growth and Quality in Hydroponic Cultures |
| title_sort | effects of organic fertilizer on bok choy growth and quality in hydroponic cultures |
| topic | multiple parallel mineralization technique corn steep liquor root surface biofilm amino acids nitric ion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/491 |
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