Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain
The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected many countries and regions. In order to contain the spread of infection, many countries have adopted lockdown measures. As a result, SARS-CoV-2 has negatively influenced economies on a global scale and has caused a significant impact on the environment....
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2210 |
| _version_ | 1797562749744578560 |
|---|---|
| author | Francisco-Javier Mesas-Carrascosa Fernando Pérez Porras Paula Triviño-Tarradas Alfonso García-Ferrer Jose Emilio Meroño-Larriva |
| author_facet | Francisco-Javier Mesas-Carrascosa Fernando Pérez Porras Paula Triviño-Tarradas Alfonso García-Ferrer Jose Emilio Meroño-Larriva |
| author_sort | Francisco-Javier Mesas-Carrascosa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected many countries and regions. In order to contain the spread of infection, many countries have adopted lockdown measures. As a result, SARS-CoV-2 has negatively influenced economies on a global scale and has caused a significant impact on the environment. In this study, changes in the concentration of the pollutant Nitrogen Dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) within the lockdown period were examined as well as how these changes relate to the Spanish population. NO<sub>2</sub> is one of the reactive nitrogen oxides gases resulting from both anthropogenic and natural processes. One major source in urban areas is the combustion of fossil fuels from vehicles and industrial plants, both of which significantly contribute to air pollution. The long-term exposure to NO<sub>2</sub> can also cause severe health problems. Remote sensing is a useful tool to analyze spatial variability of air quality. For this purpose, Sentinel-5P images registered from January to April of 2019 and 2020 were used to analyze spatial distribution of NO<sub>2</sub> and its evolution under the lockdown measures in Spain. The results indicate a significant correlation between the population’s activity level and the reduction of NO<sub>2</sub> values. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:33:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-582b03bf43bc4568a15f71503cc1550d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:33:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-582b03bf43bc4568a15f71503cc1550d2023-11-20T06:25:03ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922020-07-011214221010.3390/rs12142210Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in SpainFrancisco-Javier Mesas-Carrascosa0Fernando Pérez Porras1Paula Triviño-Tarradas2Alfonso García-Ferrer3Jose Emilio Meroño-Larriva4Department of Graphic Engineering and Geomatics, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Graphic Engineering and Geomatics, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Graphic Engineering and Geomatics, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Graphic Engineering and Geomatics, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Graphic Engineering and Geomatics, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, SpainThe disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected many countries and regions. In order to contain the spread of infection, many countries have adopted lockdown measures. As a result, SARS-CoV-2 has negatively influenced economies on a global scale and has caused a significant impact on the environment. In this study, changes in the concentration of the pollutant Nitrogen Dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) within the lockdown period were examined as well as how these changes relate to the Spanish population. NO<sub>2</sub> is one of the reactive nitrogen oxides gases resulting from both anthropogenic and natural processes. One major source in urban areas is the combustion of fossil fuels from vehicles and industrial plants, both of which significantly contribute to air pollution. The long-term exposure to NO<sub>2</sub> can also cause severe health problems. Remote sensing is a useful tool to analyze spatial variability of air quality. For this purpose, Sentinel-5P images registered from January to April of 2019 and 2020 were used to analyze spatial distribution of NO<sub>2</sub> and its evolution under the lockdown measures in Spain. The results indicate a significant correlation between the population’s activity level and the reduction of NO<sub>2</sub> values.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2210nitrogen dioxideSARS-Cov-2Sentinel-5Pair pollution |
| spellingShingle | Francisco-Javier Mesas-Carrascosa Fernando Pérez Porras Paula Triviño-Tarradas Alfonso García-Ferrer Jose Emilio Meroño-Larriva Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain Remote Sensing nitrogen dioxide SARS-Cov-2 Sentinel-5P air pollution |
| title | Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain |
| title_full | Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain |
| title_short | Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain |
| title_sort | effect of lockdown measures on atmospheric nitrogen dioxide during sars cov 2 in spain |
| topic | nitrogen dioxide SARS-Cov-2 Sentinel-5P air pollution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2210 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franciscojaviermesascarrascosa effectoflockdownmeasuresonatmosphericnitrogendioxideduringsarscov2inspain AT fernandoperezporras effectoflockdownmeasuresonatmosphericnitrogendioxideduringsarscov2inspain AT paulatrivinotarradas effectoflockdownmeasuresonatmosphericnitrogendioxideduringsarscov2inspain AT alfonsogarciaferrer effectoflockdownmeasuresonatmosphericnitrogendioxideduringsarscov2inspain AT joseemiliomeronolarriva effectoflockdownmeasuresonatmosphericnitrogendioxideduringsarscov2inspain |