Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy
Abstract Background Gait deviation and associated torsional problems are common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Although femoral anteversion in CP has been extensively reviewed in previous studies, only a few studies have focused on tibial torsion. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate tibia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04570-5 |
| _version_ | 1823938366510465024 |
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| author | Jae Jung Min Soon-Sun Kwon Kyu Tae Kim Young Choi Ki Hyuk Sung Kyoung Min Lee Moon Seok Park |
| author_facet | Jae Jung Min Soon-Sun Kwon Kyu Tae Kim Young Choi Ki Hyuk Sung Kyoung Min Lee Moon Seok Park |
| author_sort | Jae Jung Min |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Gait deviation and associated torsional problems are common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Although femoral anteversion in CP has been extensively reviewed in previous studies, only a few studies have focused on tibial torsion. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate tibial torsion in patients with CP and investigate the affecting factors. Methods Consecutive patients with cerebral palsy who underwent 3-dimensional computed tomography for the assessment of rotational profiles were reviewed. Femoral anteversion and tibial torsion were measured, and the demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. A linear mixed model was implemented to overcome the retrospective nature of the study. Results After the implementation of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 472 patients were enrolled for this study. With age, external tibial torsion increased, while femoral anteversion decreased. The factors affecting external tibial torsion were increased femoral anteversion (p = 0.0057), increased age (p < 0.0001), higher Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level (p < 0.0001), and involved/uninvolved limbs of hemiplegia (p = 0.0471/p = 0.0047). Conclusions Older age, GMFCS level IV/V, hemiplegia, and increased femoral anteversion were the independent risk factors of increased external tibial torsion; therefore, performing an imaging study is recommended for assessing the extent of tibial torsion in patients with such characteristics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T02:44:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58362ba0dd184eadade4c28fbc4db69a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2474 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T02:44:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-58362ba0dd184eadade4c28fbc4db69a2022-12-21T22:06:37ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742021-08-012211610.1186/s12891-021-04570-5Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsyJae Jung Min0Soon-Sun Kwon1Kyu Tae Kim2Young Choi3Ki Hyuk Sung4Kyoung Min Lee5Moon Seok Park6Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang HospitalDepartment of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang HospitalDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kosin University Gospel HospitalDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang HospitalDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang HospitalDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang HospitalAbstract Background Gait deviation and associated torsional problems are common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Although femoral anteversion in CP has been extensively reviewed in previous studies, only a few studies have focused on tibial torsion. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate tibial torsion in patients with CP and investigate the affecting factors. Methods Consecutive patients with cerebral palsy who underwent 3-dimensional computed tomography for the assessment of rotational profiles were reviewed. Femoral anteversion and tibial torsion were measured, and the demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. A linear mixed model was implemented to overcome the retrospective nature of the study. Results After the implementation of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 472 patients were enrolled for this study. With age, external tibial torsion increased, while femoral anteversion decreased. The factors affecting external tibial torsion were increased femoral anteversion (p = 0.0057), increased age (p < 0.0001), higher Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level (p < 0.0001), and involved/uninvolved limbs of hemiplegia (p = 0.0471/p = 0.0047). Conclusions Older age, GMFCS level IV/V, hemiplegia, and increased femoral anteversion were the independent risk factors of increased external tibial torsion; therefore, performing an imaging study is recommended for assessing the extent of tibial torsion in patients with such characteristics.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04570-5Cerebral palsyFemoral anteversionGait deviationHemiplegiaTibial torsion |
| spellingShingle | Jae Jung Min Soon-Sun Kwon Kyu Tae Kim Young Choi Ki Hyuk Sung Kyoung Min Lee Moon Seok Park Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Cerebral palsy Femoral anteversion Gait deviation Hemiplegia Tibial torsion |
| title | Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy |
| title_full | Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy |
| title_short | Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy |
| title_sort | evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy |
| topic | Cerebral palsy Femoral anteversion Gait deviation Hemiplegia Tibial torsion |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04570-5 |
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