Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages
Objective: To assess the hemodynamic changes that occurred in the main testicular artery at two different locations such as supra and marginal ones in bulls at three different ages. Methods: Eighteen Baladi bulls were divided according to their age into three different age groups: 1 year [n=6; group...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.apjr.net/article.asp?issn=2305-0500;year=2022;volume=11;issue=4;spage=193;epage=200;aulast= |
| _version_ | 1811313221088313344 |
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| author | Elshymaa A Abdelnaby Ibrahim A Emam |
| author_facet | Elshymaa A Abdelnaby Ibrahim A Emam |
| author_sort | Elshymaa A Abdelnaby |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To assess the hemodynamic changes that occurred in the main testicular artery at two different locations such as supra and marginal ones in bulls at three different ages.
Methods: Eighteen Baladi bulls were divided according to their age into three different age groups: 1 year [n=6; group I with bodyweight (380±10) kg], 3 years [n=6; group II with bodyweight (570±10) kg], and 6 years old [n=6; group III with bodyweight (650±10) kg] Baladi bulls. Circumference of the scrotum, thickness of the mediastinum, testicular dimensions, vascularity, and hormonal levels were measured. Testicular hemodynamics were assessed by Doppler ultrasound scanning.
Results: Testicular width, length, and volume were significantly different among the three age groups, with the highest in bulls of group III (P<0.05). The bulls in group III had significantly higher mediastinal line thickness and scrotal circumference than group I (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group II and group III. Bulls in group II showed a decline in Doppler indices (resistance and pulsatility indexes) at both testicular branches compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Supra and marginal end diastolic velocities in the three age groups were significantly different, with the highest in group II (P<0.05). Time average velocity (cm/s) was significantly elevated in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Both testicular echotextures were significantly decreased in group II (P<0.05). Estradiol and nitric oxide metabolites were significantly high in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the level of plasma testosterone was maximum in group III (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between supratesticular artery resistance and pulsatility indexes (r=0.81; P<0.001), while both resistance and pulsatility indexes had correlated negative with estradiol (r=-0.71 and r=-0.91; P<0.001), and nitric oxide metabolites (r=-0.92 and r=-0.72; P<0.001).
Conclusions: Three-year old Baladi bull has the lesser Doppler indices with lesser echotexture and greater nitric oxide with estradiol concentrations, which directs a significant ability for the thermoregulation process. These parameters will help in breeding selection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:50:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-584ab48c47c54c9d8e715a96a6329e61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-0500 2305-0519 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:50:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction |
| spelling | doaj.art-584ab48c47c54c9d8e715a96a6329e612022-12-22T02:49:41ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAsian Pacific Journal of Reproduction2305-05002305-05192022-01-0111419320010.4103/2305-0500.350155Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different agesElshymaa A AbdelnabyIbrahim A EmamObjective: To assess the hemodynamic changes that occurred in the main testicular artery at two different locations such as supra and marginal ones in bulls at three different ages. Methods: Eighteen Baladi bulls were divided according to their age into three different age groups: 1 year [n=6; group I with bodyweight (380±10) kg], 3 years [n=6; group II with bodyweight (570±10) kg], and 6 years old [n=6; group III with bodyweight (650±10) kg] Baladi bulls. Circumference of the scrotum, thickness of the mediastinum, testicular dimensions, vascularity, and hormonal levels were measured. Testicular hemodynamics were assessed by Doppler ultrasound scanning. Results: Testicular width, length, and volume were significantly different among the three age groups, with the highest in bulls of group III (P<0.05). The bulls in group III had significantly higher mediastinal line thickness and scrotal circumference than group I (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group II and group III. Bulls in group II showed a decline in Doppler indices (resistance and pulsatility indexes) at both testicular branches compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Supra and marginal end diastolic velocities in the three age groups were significantly different, with the highest in group II (P<0.05). Time average velocity (cm/s) was significantly elevated in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Both testicular echotextures were significantly decreased in group II (P<0.05). Estradiol and nitric oxide metabolites were significantly high in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the level of plasma testosterone was maximum in group III (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between supratesticular artery resistance and pulsatility indexes (r=0.81; P<0.001), while both resistance and pulsatility indexes had correlated negative with estradiol (r=-0.71 and r=-0.91; P<0.001), and nitric oxide metabolites (r=-0.92 and r=-0.72; P<0.001). Conclusions: Three-year old Baladi bull has the lesser Doppler indices with lesser echotexture and greater nitric oxide with estradiol concentrations, which directs a significant ability for the thermoregulation process. These parameters will help in breeding selection.http://www.apjr.net/article.asp?issn=2305-0500;year=2022;volume=11;issue=4;spage=193;epage=200;aulast=bull; doppler indices; end diastolic velocity; estradiol; testicular blood flow; resistance index; pulsatility index |
| spellingShingle | Elshymaa A Abdelnaby Ibrahim A Emam Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction bull; doppler indices; end diastolic velocity; estradiol; testicular blood flow; resistance index; pulsatility index |
| title | Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages |
| title_full | Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages |
| title_fullStr | Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages |
| title_short | Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages |
| title_sort | testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages |
| topic | bull; doppler indices; end diastolic velocity; estradiol; testicular blood flow; resistance index; pulsatility index |
| url | http://www.apjr.net/article.asp?issn=2305-0500;year=2022;volume=11;issue=4;spage=193;epage=200;aulast= |
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