Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A Review
Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) promotes, among others, the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Its prevalence increases with age, highlighting the relevance of promoting precocious MetSyn primary prevention and treatment with easy-to-implement lifestyle interventions. Me...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1141 |
| _version_ | 1811232598729424896 |
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| author | Daniela Costa-Vieira Rosário Monteiro Maria João Martins |
| author_facet | Daniela Costa-Vieira Rosário Monteiro Maria João Martins |
| author_sort | Daniela Costa-Vieira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) promotes, among others, the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Its prevalence increases with age, highlighting the relevance of promoting precocious MetSyn primary prevention and treatment with easy-to-implement lifestyle interventions. MetSyn features modulation through mineral water consumption was reviewed on Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, using the following keywords: metabolic syndrome, hypertension, blood pressure (BP), cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein, chylomicron, very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), glucose, insulin, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference (WC), obesity and mineral(-rich) water. Twenty studies were selected: 12 evaluated BP, 13 assessed total-triglycerides and/or HDL-cholesterol, 10 analysed glucose and/or 3 measured WC. Mineral waters were tested in diverse protocols regarding type and composition of water, amount consumed, diet and type and duration of the study. Human and animal studies were performed in populations with different sizes and characteristics. Distinct sets of five studies showed beneficial effects upon BP, total-triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and glucose. WC modulation was not reported. Minerals/elements and active ions/molecules present in mineral waters (and their pH) are crucial to counterbalance their inadequate intake and body status as well as metabolic dysfunction and increased diet-induced acid-load observed in MetSyn. Study characteristics and molecular/physiologic mechanisms that could explain the different effects observed are discussed. Further studies are warranted for determining the mechanisms involved in the putative protective action of mineral water consumption against MetSyn features. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:05:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5870e939fbfe4c2a9ccfdb7c3018ca12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:05:36Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-5870e939fbfe4c2a9ccfdb7c3018ca122022-12-22T03:35:46ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432019-05-01115114110.3390/nu11051141nu11051141Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A ReviewDaniela Costa-Vieira0Rosário Monteiro1Maria João Martins2Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalDepartamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalDepartamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalMetabolic syndrome (MetSyn) promotes, among others, the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Its prevalence increases with age, highlighting the relevance of promoting precocious MetSyn primary prevention and treatment with easy-to-implement lifestyle interventions. MetSyn features modulation through mineral water consumption was reviewed on Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, using the following keywords: metabolic syndrome, hypertension, blood pressure (BP), cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein, chylomicron, very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), glucose, insulin, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference (WC), obesity and mineral(-rich) water. Twenty studies were selected: 12 evaluated BP, 13 assessed total-triglycerides and/or HDL-cholesterol, 10 analysed glucose and/or 3 measured WC. Mineral waters were tested in diverse protocols regarding type and composition of water, amount consumed, diet and type and duration of the study. Human and animal studies were performed in populations with different sizes and characteristics. Distinct sets of five studies showed beneficial effects upon BP, total-triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and glucose. WC modulation was not reported. Minerals/elements and active ions/molecules present in mineral waters (and their pH) are crucial to counterbalance their inadequate intake and body status as well as metabolic dysfunction and increased diet-induced acid-load observed in MetSyn. Study characteristics and molecular/physiologic mechanisms that could explain the different effects observed are discussed. Further studies are warranted for determining the mechanisms involved in the putative protective action of mineral water consumption against MetSyn features.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1141blood pressuredyslipidemiaglucosemetabolic syndromemineral waterobesity |
| spellingShingle | Daniela Costa-Vieira Rosário Monteiro Maria João Martins Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A Review Nutrients blood pressure dyslipidemia glucose metabolic syndrome mineral water obesity |
| title | Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A Review |
| title_full | Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A Review |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A Review |
| title_short | Metabolic Syndrome Features: Is There a Modulation Role by Mineral Water Consumption? A Review |
| title_sort | metabolic syndrome features is there a modulation role by mineral water consumption a review |
| topic | blood pressure dyslipidemia glucose metabolic syndrome mineral water obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1141 |
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