Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistance
Plant resistance against insect herbivory has greatly focused on antibiosis, whereby the plant has a deleterious effect on the herbivore, and antixenosis, whereby the plant is able to direct the herbivore away from it. Although these two types of resistance may reduce injury and yield loss, they can...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PeerJ Inc.
2017-10-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/3934.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797417646405189632 |
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| author | Robert K.D. Peterson Andrea C. Varella Leon G. Higley |
| author_facet | Robert K.D. Peterson Andrea C. Varella Leon G. Higley |
| author_sort | Robert K.D. Peterson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant resistance against insect herbivory has greatly focused on antibiosis, whereby the plant has a deleterious effect on the herbivore, and antixenosis, whereby the plant is able to direct the herbivore away from it. Although these two types of resistance may reduce injury and yield loss, they can produce selection pressures on insect herbivores that lead to pest resistance. Tolerance, on the other hand, is a more sustainable pest management strategy because it involves only a plant response and therefore does not cause evolution of resistance in target pest populations. Despite its attractive attributes, tolerance has been poorly studied and understood. In this critical, interpretive review, we discuss tolerance to insect herbivory and the biological and socioeconomic factors that have limited its use in plant resistance and integrated pest management. First, tolerance is difficult to identify, and the mechanisms conferring it are poorly understood. Second, the genetics of tolerance are mostly unknown. Third, several obstacles hinder the establishment of high-throughput phenotyping methods for large-scale screening of tolerance. Fourth, tolerance has received little attention from entomologists because, for most, their primary interest, research training, and funding opportunities are in mechanisms which affect pest biology, not plant biology. Fifth, the efforts of plant resistance are directed at controlling pest populations rather than managing plant stress. We conclude this paper by discussing future research and development activities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:22:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58767de8392d49c28c00fe1750f81f67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:22:46Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-58767de8392d49c28c00fe1750f81f672023-12-03T11:34:13ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592017-10-015e393410.7717/peerj.3934Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistanceRobert K.D. Peterson0Andrea C. Varella1Leon G. Higley2Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States of AmericaDepartment of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States of AmericaSchool of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of AmericaPlant resistance against insect herbivory has greatly focused on antibiosis, whereby the plant has a deleterious effect on the herbivore, and antixenosis, whereby the plant is able to direct the herbivore away from it. Although these two types of resistance may reduce injury and yield loss, they can produce selection pressures on insect herbivores that lead to pest resistance. Tolerance, on the other hand, is a more sustainable pest management strategy because it involves only a plant response and therefore does not cause evolution of resistance in target pest populations. Despite its attractive attributes, tolerance has been poorly studied and understood. In this critical, interpretive review, we discuss tolerance to insect herbivory and the biological and socioeconomic factors that have limited its use in plant resistance and integrated pest management. First, tolerance is difficult to identify, and the mechanisms conferring it are poorly understood. Second, the genetics of tolerance are mostly unknown. Third, several obstacles hinder the establishment of high-throughput phenotyping methods for large-scale screening of tolerance. Fourth, tolerance has received little attention from entomologists because, for most, their primary interest, research training, and funding opportunities are in mechanisms which affect pest biology, not plant biology. Fifth, the efforts of plant resistance are directed at controlling pest populations rather than managing plant stress. We conclude this paper by discussing future research and development activities.https://peerj.com/articles/3934.pdfAntixenosisIntegrated pest managementPlant breedingInsect resistanceAntibiosis |
| spellingShingle | Robert K.D. Peterson Andrea C. Varella Leon G. Higley Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistance PeerJ Antixenosis Integrated pest management Plant breeding Insect resistance Antibiosis |
| title | Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistance |
| title_full | Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistance |
| title_fullStr | Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistance |
| title_short | Tolerance: the forgotten child of plant resistance |
| title_sort | tolerance the forgotten child of plant resistance |
| topic | Antixenosis Integrated pest management Plant breeding Insect resistance Antibiosis |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/3934.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robertkdpeterson tolerancetheforgottenchildofplantresistance AT andreacvarella tolerancetheforgottenchildofplantresistance AT leonghigley tolerancetheforgottenchildofplantresistance |