Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
Abstract Background Though many abiotic factors are constantly changing, the photoperiod is a predictable factor that enables plants to time many physiological responses. This timing is regulated by the circadian clock, yet little is known about how the clock adapts to the differences in photoperiod...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6 |
| _version_ | 1797453338359365632 |
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| author | Corine Faehn Michael Reichelt Axel Mithöfer Timo Hytönen Jørgen Mølmann Laura Jaakola |
| author_facet | Corine Faehn Michael Reichelt Axel Mithöfer Timo Hytönen Jørgen Mølmann Laura Jaakola |
| author_sort | Corine Faehn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Though many abiotic factors are constantly changing, the photoperiod is a predictable factor that enables plants to time many physiological responses. This timing is regulated by the circadian clock, yet little is known about how the clock adapts to the differences in photoperiod between mid-latitudes and high latitudes. The primary objective of this study was to compare how clock gene expression is modified in four woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) accessions originating from two different populations in Italy (IT1: Tenno, Italy, 45°N, IT4: Salorno, Italy, 46°N) and two in Northern Norway (NOR2: Alta, Norway, 69°N, NOR13: Indre Nordnes, Norway 69°N) when grown under simulated daylength conditions of an Arctic or mid-latitude photoperiod. The second objective was to investigate whether population origin or the difference in photoperiod influenced phytohormone accumulation. Results The Arctic photoperiod induced lower expression in IT4 and NOR13 for six clock genes (FvLHY, FvRVE8, FvPRR9, FvPRR7, FvPRR5, and FvLUX), in IT1 for three genes (FvLHY, FvPRR9, and FvPRR5) and in NOR2 for one gene (FvPRR9). Free-running rhythms for FvLHY in IT1 and IT4 were higher after the Arctic photoperiod, while the free-running rhythm for FvLUX in IT4 was higher after the mid-latitude photoperiod. IT1 showed significantly higher expression of FvLHY and FvPRR9 than all other accessions, as well as significantly higher expression of the circadian regulated phytohormone, abscisic acid (ABA), but low levels of salicylic acid (SA). NOR13 had significantly higher expression of FvRVE8, FvTOC1, and FvLUX than all other accessions. NOR2 had extremely low levels of auxin (IAA) and high levels of the jasmonate catabolite, hydroxyjasmonic acid (OH-JA). Conclusions Our study shows that circadian rhythms in Fragaria vesca are driven by both the experienced photoperiod and genetic factors, while phytohormone levels are primarily determined by specific accessions’ genetic factors rather than the experienced photoperiod. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:21:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-587f6b15d4cd4451ab828ec4ab318ede |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:21:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-587f6b15d4cd4451ab828ec4ab318ede2023-11-26T12:46:56ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292023-10-0123111610.1186/s12870-023-04491-6Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiodsCorine Faehn0Michael Reichelt1Axel Mithöfer2Timo Hytönen3Jørgen Mølmann4Laura Jaakola5Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, The Arctic University of NorwayDepartment of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyResearch Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of HelsinkiNIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchDepartment of Arctic and Marine Biology, The Arctic University of NorwayAbstract Background Though many abiotic factors are constantly changing, the photoperiod is a predictable factor that enables plants to time many physiological responses. This timing is regulated by the circadian clock, yet little is known about how the clock adapts to the differences in photoperiod between mid-latitudes and high latitudes. The primary objective of this study was to compare how clock gene expression is modified in four woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) accessions originating from two different populations in Italy (IT1: Tenno, Italy, 45°N, IT4: Salorno, Italy, 46°N) and two in Northern Norway (NOR2: Alta, Norway, 69°N, NOR13: Indre Nordnes, Norway 69°N) when grown under simulated daylength conditions of an Arctic or mid-latitude photoperiod. The second objective was to investigate whether population origin or the difference in photoperiod influenced phytohormone accumulation. Results The Arctic photoperiod induced lower expression in IT4 and NOR13 for six clock genes (FvLHY, FvRVE8, FvPRR9, FvPRR7, FvPRR5, and FvLUX), in IT1 for three genes (FvLHY, FvPRR9, and FvPRR5) and in NOR2 for one gene (FvPRR9). Free-running rhythms for FvLHY in IT1 and IT4 were higher after the Arctic photoperiod, while the free-running rhythm for FvLUX in IT4 was higher after the mid-latitude photoperiod. IT1 showed significantly higher expression of FvLHY and FvPRR9 than all other accessions, as well as significantly higher expression of the circadian regulated phytohormone, abscisic acid (ABA), but low levels of salicylic acid (SA). NOR13 had significantly higher expression of FvRVE8, FvTOC1, and FvLUX than all other accessions. NOR2 had extremely low levels of auxin (IAA) and high levels of the jasmonate catabolite, hydroxyjasmonic acid (OH-JA). Conclusions Our study shows that circadian rhythms in Fragaria vesca are driven by both the experienced photoperiod and genetic factors, while phytohormone levels are primarily determined by specific accessions’ genetic factors rather than the experienced photoperiod.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6ArcticMid-latitudePhotoperiodDaylengthCircadian clockPhytohormones |
| spellingShingle | Corine Faehn Michael Reichelt Axel Mithöfer Timo Hytönen Jørgen Mølmann Laura Jaakola Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods BMC Plant Biology Arctic Mid-latitude Photoperiod Daylength Circadian clock Phytohormones |
| title | Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods |
| title_full | Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods |
| title_fullStr | Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods |
| title_short | Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods |
| title_sort | acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries fragaria vesca l to arctic and mid latitude photoperiods |
| topic | Arctic Mid-latitude Photoperiod Daylength Circadian clock Phytohormones |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6 |
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