Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants
Abstract Background Increasing evidence suggests an association between pro-inflammatory diets and cognitive function. However, only a few studies based on small sample sizes have explored the association between pro-inflammatory diets and dementia using the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Additio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | BMC Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02940-5 |
| _version_ | 1797774152882454528 |
|---|---|
| author | Yisen Shi Fabin Lin Yueping Li Yingqing Wang Xiaochun Chen Fangang Meng Qinyong Ye Guoen Cai |
| author_facet | Yisen Shi Fabin Lin Yueping Li Yingqing Wang Xiaochun Chen Fangang Meng Qinyong Ye Guoen Cai |
| author_sort | Yisen Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Increasing evidence suggests an association between pro-inflammatory diets and cognitive function. However, only a few studies based on small sample sizes have explored the association between pro-inflammatory diets and dementia using the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Additionally, the relationship between DII and different subtypes of dementia, such as Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia, remains largely unexplored. Given the changes in brain structure already observed in patients with dementia, we also investigated the association between DII and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of brain structure to provide some hints to elucidate the potential mechanisms between pro-inflammatory diet and cognitive decline. Methods A total of 166,377 UK Biobank participants without dementia at baseline were analyzed. DII calculations were based on the information collected by the 24-h recall questionnaire. Brain structural anatomy and tissue-specific volumes were measured using brain MRI. Cox proportional hazards models, competing risk models, and restricted cubic spline were applied to assess the longitudinal associations. The generalized linear model was used to assess the association between DII and MRI measurements. Results During a median follow-up time of 9.46 years, a total of 1372 participants developed dementia. The incidence of all-cause dementia increased by 4.6% for each additional unit of DII [hazard ratio (HR): 1.046]. Besides, DII displayed a “J-shaped” non-linear association with Alzheimer’s dementia (P nonlinear = 0.003). When DII was above 1.30, an increase in DII was significantly associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s dementia (HR: 1.391, 95%CI: 1.085–1.784, P = 0.009). For brain MRI, the total volume of white matter hyperintensities increased with an increase in DII, whereas the volume of gray matter in the hippocampus decreased. Conclusions In this cohort study, higher DII was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s dementia. However, our findings suggested that the association with DII and vascular and frontotemporal dementia was not significant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:16:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-587fc7d526ea402e970abb4bc49c152a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1741-7015 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:16:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-587fc7d526ea402e970abb4bc49c152a2023-07-23T11:16:48ZengBMCBMC Medicine1741-70152023-07-0121111510.1186/s12916-023-02940-5Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participantsYisen Shi0Fabin Lin1Yueping Li2Yingqing Wang3Xiaochun Chen4Fangang Meng5Qinyong Ye6Guoen Cai7Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalBeijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalAbstract Background Increasing evidence suggests an association between pro-inflammatory diets and cognitive function. However, only a few studies based on small sample sizes have explored the association between pro-inflammatory diets and dementia using the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Additionally, the relationship between DII and different subtypes of dementia, such as Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia, remains largely unexplored. Given the changes in brain structure already observed in patients with dementia, we also investigated the association between DII and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of brain structure to provide some hints to elucidate the potential mechanisms between pro-inflammatory diet and cognitive decline. Methods A total of 166,377 UK Biobank participants without dementia at baseline were analyzed. DII calculations were based on the information collected by the 24-h recall questionnaire. Brain structural anatomy and tissue-specific volumes were measured using brain MRI. Cox proportional hazards models, competing risk models, and restricted cubic spline were applied to assess the longitudinal associations. The generalized linear model was used to assess the association between DII and MRI measurements. Results During a median follow-up time of 9.46 years, a total of 1372 participants developed dementia. The incidence of all-cause dementia increased by 4.6% for each additional unit of DII [hazard ratio (HR): 1.046]. Besides, DII displayed a “J-shaped” non-linear association with Alzheimer’s dementia (P nonlinear = 0.003). When DII was above 1.30, an increase in DII was significantly associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s dementia (HR: 1.391, 95%CI: 1.085–1.784, P = 0.009). For brain MRI, the total volume of white matter hyperintensities increased with an increase in DII, whereas the volume of gray matter in the hippocampus decreased. Conclusions In this cohort study, higher DII was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s dementia. However, our findings suggested that the association with DII and vascular and frontotemporal dementia was not significant.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02940-5DementiaAlzheimer’s diseaseVascular dementiaFrontotemporal dementiaPro-inflammatory dietBrain MRI |
| spellingShingle | Yisen Shi Fabin Lin Yueping Li Yingqing Wang Xiaochun Chen Fangang Meng Qinyong Ye Guoen Cai Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants BMC Medicine Dementia Alzheimer’s disease Vascular dementia Frontotemporal dementia Pro-inflammatory diet Brain MRI |
| title | Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants |
| title_full | Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants |
| title_fullStr | Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants |
| title_short | Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants |
| title_sort | association of pro inflammatory diet with increased risk of all cause dementia and alzheimer s dementia a prospective study of 166 377 uk biobank participants |
| topic | Dementia Alzheimer’s disease Vascular dementia Frontotemporal dementia Pro-inflammatory diet Brain MRI |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02940-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yisenshi associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants AT fabinlin associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants AT yuepingli associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants AT yingqingwang associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants AT xiaochunchen associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants AT fangangmeng associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants AT qinyongye associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants AT guoencai associationofproinflammatorydietwithincreasedriskofallcausedementiaandalzheimersdementiaaprospectivestudyof166377ukbiobankparticipants |