Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis
Chemokines are cytokines with chemoattractant capacities that exert their physiological functions through the binding of chemokine receptors. Thus, chemokine and receptor complexes exert important roles in regulating development and homeostasis during routine immune surveillance and inflammation. Co...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/3/337 |
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| author | Zhi-Shuai Hou Hong-Kui Zhao Pedro Perdiguero Meng-Qun Liu Kai-Wen Xiang Chu Zeng Zhao Li Xiao-Dong Yang Qian Yang Yuan-Ru Xin Ji-Fang Li Carolina Tafalla Hai-Shen Wen |
| author_facet | Zhi-Shuai Hou Hong-Kui Zhao Pedro Perdiguero Meng-Qun Liu Kai-Wen Xiang Chu Zeng Zhao Li Xiao-Dong Yang Qian Yang Yuan-Ru Xin Ji-Fang Li Carolina Tafalla Hai-Shen Wen |
| author_sort | Zhi-Shuai Hou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chemokines are cytokines with chemoattractant capacities that exert their physiological functions through the binding of chemokine receptors. Thus, chemokine and receptor complexes exert important roles in regulating development and homeostasis during routine immune surveillance and inflammation. Compared to mammals, the physiology and structure of chemokine receptors in fish have not been systematically studied. Furthermore, the salmonid-specific whole genome duplication has significantly increased the number of functional paralogs of chemokine receptors. In this context, in the current study, trout exhibited 17 <i>cxcr</i> genes, including 12 newly identified and 5 previously identified receptors. Interestingly, gene expression of brain <i>cxcr1</i> and <i>cxcr4</i>, kidney <i>cxcr3</i> and <i>cxcr4</i>, and spleen <i>cxcr3</i>, <i>cxcr4</i>, and <i>cxcr5</i> subtypes were altered by bacterial infection, whereas brain <i>cxcr1</i>, kidney <i>cxcr1</i> and <i>cxcr7</i>, and liver <i>cxcr2</i>, <i>cxcr3</i>, and <i>cxcr4</i> subtypes were changed in response to environmental changes. Based on protein structures predicted by ColabFold, the conserved amino acids in binding pockets between trout CXCR4.1 subtypes and human CXCR4 were also analyzed. Our study is valuable from a comparative point of view, providing new insights into the identification and physiology of salmonid chemokine receptors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:30:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5889fcd728cd45f3add3c1bc3d442b86 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:30:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-5889fcd728cd45f3add3c1bc3d442b862024-03-27T13:27:59ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2024-03-0114333710.3390/biom14030337Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure AnalysisZhi-Shuai Hou0Hong-Kui Zhao1Pedro Perdiguero2Meng-Qun Liu3Kai-Wen Xiang4Chu Zeng5Zhao Li6Xiao-Dong Yang7Qian Yang8Yuan-Ru Xin9Ji-Fang Li10Carolina Tafalla11Hai-Shen Wen12Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaAnimal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130 Valdeolmos, SpainKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaAnimal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA-CSIC), 28130 Valdeolmos, SpainKey Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaChemokines are cytokines with chemoattractant capacities that exert their physiological functions through the binding of chemokine receptors. Thus, chemokine and receptor complexes exert important roles in regulating development and homeostasis during routine immune surveillance and inflammation. Compared to mammals, the physiology and structure of chemokine receptors in fish have not been systematically studied. Furthermore, the salmonid-specific whole genome duplication has significantly increased the number of functional paralogs of chemokine receptors. In this context, in the current study, trout exhibited 17 <i>cxcr</i> genes, including 12 newly identified and 5 previously identified receptors. Interestingly, gene expression of brain <i>cxcr1</i> and <i>cxcr4</i>, kidney <i>cxcr3</i> and <i>cxcr4</i>, and spleen <i>cxcr3</i>, <i>cxcr4</i>, and <i>cxcr5</i> subtypes were altered by bacterial infection, whereas brain <i>cxcr1</i>, kidney <i>cxcr1</i> and <i>cxcr7</i>, and liver <i>cxcr2</i>, <i>cxcr3</i>, and <i>cxcr4</i> subtypes were changed in response to environmental changes. Based on protein structures predicted by ColabFold, the conserved amino acids in binding pockets between trout CXCR4.1 subtypes and human CXCR4 were also analyzed. Our study is valuable from a comparative point of view, providing new insights into the identification and physiology of salmonid chemokine receptors.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/3/337rainbow troutchemokine receptorsbacterial infectionenvironmental changes |
| spellingShingle | Zhi-Shuai Hou Hong-Kui Zhao Pedro Perdiguero Meng-Qun Liu Kai-Wen Xiang Chu Zeng Zhao Li Xiao-Dong Yang Qian Yang Yuan-Ru Xin Ji-Fang Li Carolina Tafalla Hai-Shen Wen Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis Biomolecules rainbow trout chemokine receptors bacterial infection environmental changes |
| title | Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis |
| title_full | Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis |
| title_short | Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis |
| title_sort | pleiotropic role of rainbow trout cxcrs in response to disease and environment insights from transcriptional signatures and structure analysis |
| topic | rainbow trout chemokine receptors bacterial infection environmental changes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/3/337 |
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