Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern India
Abstract Background Hypercalcemia is known to cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Literature related to hypercalcemic AKI is predominantly in the form of case reports and case series. The purpose of this study is to find the incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a non-critical...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2021-11-01
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| Series: | The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-021-00067-8 |
| _version_ | 1818404365413646336 |
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| author | Nucksheeba Aziz Bhat Farhat Mustafa Rayees Yousuf Sheikh Imtiyaz Wani |
| author_facet | Nucksheeba Aziz Bhat Farhat Mustafa Rayees Yousuf Sheikh Imtiyaz Wani |
| author_sort | Nucksheeba Aziz Bhat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Hypercalcemia is known to cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Literature related to hypercalcemic AKI is predominantly in the form of case reports and case series. The purpose of this study is to find the incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a non-critical care setting. To our knowledge, this is the first study done to look for the incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a non-critical care setting. This is a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Medicine in a tertiary care center from Jammu and Kashmir, India, from June 2010 to June 2012. Patients admitted with hypercalcemia were assessed for AKI and evaluated and treated for hypercalcemia. Renal function was monitored during hospitalization and at 1 month of discharge. AKI and hypercalcemia were arbitrarily defined as serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl and corrected serum calcium of ≥ 11.5 mg/dl (as per reference hospital lab), respectively. Results Thirty patients are included. Hyperparathyroidism and multiple myeloma accounted for 13(43.3%) and 10 (33.3%) cases, respectively. Mean ±SD corrected serum calcium at diagnosis and after treatment at 1 month was 13.56 ± 1.86 mg/dl and 9.49±1.35 mg/dl, respectively; p < 0.001. Mean ±SD serum creatinine at baseline and after treatment of hypercalcemia was 2.87 ±1.68 mg/dl and 1.49±1.34 mg/dl, respectively; p < 0.001. Twenty-three (76.7%) patients had AKI. AKI recovered after treating hypercalcemia in 25 (83.3 %) patients. Mean ± SD days taken for the decrease in serum creatinine to ≤ 1.5 mg/dl was 8.28 ± 4.17 days. Mean ± SD serum creatinine after treatment of hypercalcemia in hyperparathyroidism group versus non-parathyroid group was 0.97 ± 0.35 mg/dl and 1.88 ±1.67 mg/dl, respectively; p value 0.009. Conclusions Hypercalcemia is commonly associated with AKI. Primary hyperparathyroidism and multiple myeloma account for the majority of the cases. Hypercalcemic AKI with primary hyperparathyroidism is less common and the outcome is better, as compared to non-hyperparathyroidism-related causes. AKI is reversible in most cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:39:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-589ad82e4ddf48dfb97a3f3ea4113089 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1110-7782 2090-9098 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:39:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-589ad82e4ddf48dfb97a3f3ea41130892022-12-21T23:09:21ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine1110-77822090-90982021-11-013311510.1186/s43162-021-00067-8Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern IndiaNucksheeba Aziz Bhat0Farhat Mustafa1Rayees Yousuf Sheikh2Imtiyaz Wani3Government Medical College, Department of Pediatrics, GB Pant Cantonment HospitalGovernment Medical College, Department of Medicine, SMHS HospitalDepartment of Nephrology, Bahrain Specialist HospitalSheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Hypercalcemia is known to cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Literature related to hypercalcemic AKI is predominantly in the form of case reports and case series. The purpose of this study is to find the incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a non-critical care setting. To our knowledge, this is the first study done to look for the incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a non-critical care setting. This is a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Medicine in a tertiary care center from Jammu and Kashmir, India, from June 2010 to June 2012. Patients admitted with hypercalcemia were assessed for AKI and evaluated and treated for hypercalcemia. Renal function was monitored during hospitalization and at 1 month of discharge. AKI and hypercalcemia were arbitrarily defined as serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl and corrected serum calcium of ≥ 11.5 mg/dl (as per reference hospital lab), respectively. Results Thirty patients are included. Hyperparathyroidism and multiple myeloma accounted for 13(43.3%) and 10 (33.3%) cases, respectively. Mean ±SD corrected serum calcium at diagnosis and after treatment at 1 month was 13.56 ± 1.86 mg/dl and 9.49±1.35 mg/dl, respectively; p < 0.001. Mean ±SD serum creatinine at baseline and after treatment of hypercalcemia was 2.87 ±1.68 mg/dl and 1.49±1.34 mg/dl, respectively; p < 0.001. Twenty-three (76.7%) patients had AKI. AKI recovered after treating hypercalcemia in 25 (83.3 %) patients. Mean ± SD days taken for the decrease in serum creatinine to ≤ 1.5 mg/dl was 8.28 ± 4.17 days. Mean ± SD serum creatinine after treatment of hypercalcemia in hyperparathyroidism group versus non-parathyroid group was 0.97 ± 0.35 mg/dl and 1.88 ±1.67 mg/dl, respectively; p value 0.009. Conclusions Hypercalcemia is commonly associated with AKI. Primary hyperparathyroidism and multiple myeloma account for the majority of the cases. Hypercalcemic AKI with primary hyperparathyroidism is less common and the outcome is better, as compared to non-hyperparathyroidism-related causes. AKI is reversible in most cases.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-021-00067-8HypercalcemiaAKIPrimary hyperparathyroidismMultiple myeloma |
| spellingShingle | Nucksheeba Aziz Bhat Farhat Mustafa Rayees Yousuf Sheikh Imtiyaz Wani Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern India The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine Hypercalcemia AKI Primary hyperparathyroidism Multiple myeloma |
| title | Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern India |
| title_full | Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern India |
| title_fullStr | Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern India |
| title_short | Incidence, etiology, and course of hypercalcemia-induced AKI in a tertiary care center from northern India |
| title_sort | incidence etiology and course of hypercalcemia induced aki in a tertiary care center from northern india |
| topic | Hypercalcemia AKI Primary hyperparathyroidism Multiple myeloma |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-021-00067-8 |
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