Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South Florida
This study examined if weeds could serve as insectary plants to increase beneficial insect abundance and diversity in mango cultivation in southern Florida. Additionally, we examined how weed presence affects mango tree soil health. We found that weeds significantly increased pollinating and parasit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/1/65 |
| _version_ | 1797440807783890944 |
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| author | Blaire Kleiman Suzanne Koptur |
| author_facet | Blaire Kleiman Suzanne Koptur |
| author_sort | Blaire Kleiman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examined if weeds could serve as insectary plants to increase beneficial insect abundance and diversity in mango cultivation in southern Florida. Additionally, we examined how weed presence affects mango tree soil health. We found that weeds significantly increased pollinating and parasitoid insect abundance and diversity. Eight insect orders and eighteen families were significantly more abundant on mango trees with weeds growing beneath them than those where weeds were removed. There was no difference in predatory insects between treatments, and slightly more herbivorous insects on weedy mango trees. Pollinating insects visiting mango flowers in the weed treatment were significantly greater, as well as spiders on weedy mango trees. However, there were more lacewings (Neuroptera) observed on the mango trees without weeds, and leaf chlorophyll in the old and new mango leaves was significantly greater, in the weed-free treatment. Soil conditions, however, significantly improved in soil carbon and a greater pH reduction in the presence of weeds, though weeds affected neither soil nitrogen, phosphorous, nor chlorophyll in productive green leaves. These results show that a tolerable level of selective weed species’ presence may benefit insect, plant, and soil biodiversity in farms. This is important in increasing production, sustainability, and biodiversity in agriculture, which otherwise may be deficient in non-crop life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:13:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58ab7db0188d4dc1a7db5c3e865f4b00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:13:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-58ab7db0188d4dc1a7db5c3e865f4b002023-11-30T22:48:29ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-01-011416510.3390/insects14010065Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South FloridaBlaire Kleiman0Suzanne Koptur1Agroecology Program, Department of Earth and Environment, International Center for Tropical Botany, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USAPlant Ecology Lab, Department of Biology, International Center for Tropical Botany, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USAThis study examined if weeds could serve as insectary plants to increase beneficial insect abundance and diversity in mango cultivation in southern Florida. Additionally, we examined how weed presence affects mango tree soil health. We found that weeds significantly increased pollinating and parasitoid insect abundance and diversity. Eight insect orders and eighteen families were significantly more abundant on mango trees with weeds growing beneath them than those where weeds were removed. There was no difference in predatory insects between treatments, and slightly more herbivorous insects on weedy mango trees. Pollinating insects visiting mango flowers in the weed treatment were significantly greater, as well as spiders on weedy mango trees. However, there were more lacewings (Neuroptera) observed on the mango trees without weeds, and leaf chlorophyll in the old and new mango leaves was significantly greater, in the weed-free treatment. Soil conditions, however, significantly improved in soil carbon and a greater pH reduction in the presence of weeds, though weeds affected neither soil nitrogen, phosphorous, nor chlorophyll in productive green leaves. These results show that a tolerable level of selective weed species’ presence may benefit insect, plant, and soil biodiversity in farms. This is important in increasing production, sustainability, and biodiversity in agriculture, which otherwise may be deficient in non-crop life.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/1/65weedsinsectsmangosoil |
| spellingShingle | Blaire Kleiman Suzanne Koptur Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South Florida Insects weeds insects mango soil |
| title | Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South Florida |
| title_full | Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South Florida |
| title_fullStr | Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South Florida |
| title_full_unstemmed | Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South Florida |
| title_short | Weeds Enhance Insect Diversity and Abundance and May Improve Soil Conditions in Mango Cultivation of South Florida |
| title_sort | weeds enhance insect diversity and abundance and may improve soil conditions in mango cultivation of south florida |
| topic | weeds insects mango soil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/1/65 |
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