Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
Nanoscale pore structure characteristics and their main controlling factors are key elements affecting the gas storage capacity, permeability, and the accumulation mechanism of shale. A multidisciplinary analytical program was applied to quantify the pore structure of all sizes of Xiamaling shale fr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/2/527 |
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| author | Liangwei Xu Keji Yang Hao Wei Luofu Liu Xiao Li Lei Chen Tong Xu Ximeng Wang |
| author_facet | Liangwei Xu Keji Yang Hao Wei Luofu Liu Xiao Li Lei Chen Tong Xu Ximeng Wang |
| author_sort | Liangwei Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanoscale pore structure characteristics and their main controlling factors are key elements affecting the gas storage capacity, permeability, and the accumulation mechanism of shale. A multidisciplinary analytical program was applied to quantify the pore structure of all sizes of Xiamaling shale from Zhangjiakou, Hebei. The result implies that Mercury injection porosimetry (MIP) and low-pressure N<sub>2</sub> curves of the samples can be divided into three and four types, respectively, reflecting different connectivity performances. The maximum CO<sub>2</sub> adsorbing capacity increases with increasing total organic carbon (TOC) content, pore volume (PV), and surface area (SA) of the micropores are distributed in a three-peak type. The full-scale pore structure distribution characteristics reveal the coexistence of multiple peaks with multiple dominant scales and bi-peak forms with mesopores and micropores. The porosity positively correlates with the TOC and quartz content, but negatively correlates with clay mineral content. Organic matter (OM) is the main contributor to micropore and mesopore development. Smectite and illite/smectite (I/S) assist the development of the PV and SA of pores with different size. Illite promotes the development of the nanoscale PV, but is detrimental to the development of the SA. Thermal maturity controls the evolution of pores with different size, and the evolution model for the TOC-normalized PVs of different diameter scales is established. Residual hydrocarbon is mainly accumulated in micropores sized 0.3 to 1.0 nm and mesopores sized 40 nm, 2 nm and less than 10 nm. Since the samples were extracted, the pore space occupied by residual hydrocarbon was released, resulting in a remarkable increase in PV and SA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:44:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58abab4cc3ff42598ff137e1373a94c5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:44:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-58abab4cc3ff42598ff137e1373a94c52023-12-11T17:35:29ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-02-0111252710.3390/nano11020527Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, ChinaLiangwei Xu0Keji Yang1Hao Wei2Luofu Liu3Xiao Li4Lei Chen5Tong Xu6Ximeng Wang7School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, ChinaExperimental Practice Teaching Centre of Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, ChinaExperimental Practice Teaching Centre of Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, ChinaNanoscale pore structure characteristics and their main controlling factors are key elements affecting the gas storage capacity, permeability, and the accumulation mechanism of shale. A multidisciplinary analytical program was applied to quantify the pore structure of all sizes of Xiamaling shale from Zhangjiakou, Hebei. The result implies that Mercury injection porosimetry (MIP) and low-pressure N<sub>2</sub> curves of the samples can be divided into three and four types, respectively, reflecting different connectivity performances. The maximum CO<sub>2</sub> adsorbing capacity increases with increasing total organic carbon (TOC) content, pore volume (PV), and surface area (SA) of the micropores are distributed in a three-peak type. The full-scale pore structure distribution characteristics reveal the coexistence of multiple peaks with multiple dominant scales and bi-peak forms with mesopores and micropores. The porosity positively correlates with the TOC and quartz content, but negatively correlates with clay mineral content. Organic matter (OM) is the main contributor to micropore and mesopore development. Smectite and illite/smectite (I/S) assist the development of the PV and SA of pores with different size. Illite promotes the development of the nanoscale PV, but is detrimental to the development of the SA. Thermal maturity controls the evolution of pores with different size, and the evolution model for the TOC-normalized PVs of different diameter scales is established. Residual hydrocarbon is mainly accumulated in micropores sized 0.3 to 1.0 nm and mesopores sized 40 nm, 2 nm and less than 10 nm. Since the samples were extracted, the pore space occupied by residual hydrocarbon was released, resulting in a remarkable increase in PV and SA.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/2/527Ximaling shalefull-scale pore structureorganic porespore size distributionresidual hydrocarbon |
| spellingShingle | Liangwei Xu Keji Yang Hao Wei Luofu Liu Xiao Li Lei Chen Tong Xu Ximeng Wang Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China Nanomaterials Ximaling shale full-scale pore structure organic pores pore size distribution residual hydrocarbon |
| title | Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China |
| title_full | Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China |
| title_fullStr | Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China |
| title_short | Full-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics and the Main Controlling Factors of Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Shale in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China |
| title_sort | full scale pore structure characteristics and the main controlling factors of mesoproterozoic xiamaling shale in zhangjiakou hebei china |
| topic | Ximaling shale full-scale pore structure organic pores pore size distribution residual hydrocarbon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/2/527 |
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